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URL serves a PDF document (ARPA-E FOA); specific deadline not extractable from binary content. COOLERCHIPS is a confirmed ARPA-E program.
Cooling Operations Optimized for Leaps in Energy, Reliable and Carbon Hyperefficiency for Information Processing Systems (COOLERCHIPS) is sponsored by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) ARPA-E. This funding program aims to develop highly efficient and reliable cooling systems that will enable a new class of efficient power-dense computational systems, data centers and modular systems.
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Questions about this FOA? Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e. energy.
gov/faq . For questions that have not already been answered, e mail ARP A-E-CO@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec. VII. A.
Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE? Email ExchangeHelp@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and number in subject line). ## FUNDING OPPORTUNITY ANNOUNCEMENT ## ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY – ENERGY (ARPA -E) ## U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY # COOLING OPERATIONS OPTIMIZED FOR LEAPS IN ENERGY, # RELIABILITY , AND CARBON HYPEREFFICIENCY FOR # INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEMS (COOLERCHIPS) Announcement Type: Modification 01 02 Funding Opportunity N o.
DE -FOA -0002851 Funding Opportunity Announcement ( FOA ) Issue Date: September 22, 2022 First Deadline for Questions to ARPA -E-CO@hq. doe. gov : 5 PM ET, October 16, 2022 Submission Deadline for Concept Papers: 9:30 AM ET, October 26, 2022 Second Deadline for Questions to ARPA -E-CO@hq.
doe. gov : 5 PM ET, January 17, 2023 Submission Deadline for Full Applications: 9:30 AM ET, January 27, 2023 Submission Deadline for Replies to Reviewer Comments: 5 PM ET, March 13, 2023 March 14, Expected Date for Selection Notifications: April 2023 Total Amount to Be Awarded Approximately $ 42 million , subject to the availability of appropriat ed funds to be shared between FOAs DE -FOA - 000 2851 and DE -FOA -000 2852 .
Anticipated Awards ARPA -E may issue one, multiple, or no awards under this FOA . Awards may vary between $ 500 ,000 and $10 million. • For eligibility criteria , see Section III.
A of the FOA. • For cost share requirements under this FOA, see Section III. B of the FOA.
• To apply to this FOA, Applicants must register with and submit application materials through ARPA -E eXCHANGE ( https://arpa -e-foa. energy. gov/Registration.
aspx ). For detailed guidance on using ARPA -E eXCHANGE, see Section IV. H.
1 of the FOA. • Applicants are responsible for meeting each submission deadline. Applicants are strongly encouraged to submit their applications at least 48 hours in advance of the submission deadline.
Questions about this FOA? Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e. energy.
gov/faq . For questions that have not already been answered, e mail ARP A-E-CO@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec. VII. A.
Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE? Email ExchangeHelp@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and number in subject line). For detailed guidance on compliance and responsiveness criteria , see Section s III. C .
1 through III. C. 4 of the FOA .
Questions about this FOA? Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e. energy.
gov/faq . For questions that have not already been answered, e mail ARP A-E-CO@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec. VII. A.
Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE? Email ExchangeHelp@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and number in subject line). All modifications to the Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) are highlighted in yellow in the body Mod. No. Date Description of Modifications • Inserted certain deadlines, including the deadlines for submitting questions and Full Applications , s ee Cover Page and Required • Revised the Required Documents Checklist and Sections IV.
D, IV. E, and IV. G of the FOA to provide guidance on required application forms and the content and form of Full Applications and Replies to Reviewer Comments.
Applicants are strongly encou raged to use the templates provided on ARPA‐E eXCHANGE ( https://arpa‐e‐ • Further clarified requirements, see Section I. B. 1 of the FOA.
• Further clarified requirements, see Section I. D. 3 of the FOA • Inserted criteria that ARPA‐E will use to evaluate Full Applications, see Section V.
A. 2 of the FOA. • Inserted criteria that ARPA‐E will use to evaluate Replies to Reviewer Comments in Section V.
A. 3 of the FOA. • Inserted information on the anticipated announ cement and award dates, see Section V.
C of the FOA. • Inserted information concerning Full Application Notifications, see Section VI. A.
3 of the FOA. • Inserted Administrative and National Policy Requirements, see • Inserted Reporting Requirements, see Section VI. C of the FOA.
• Updated Submission Deadline for Replies to Reviewer Comments on Cover Page and Required Document Checklist . Questions about this FOA? Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e.
energy. gov/faq . For questions that have not already been answered, e mail ARPA -E-CO@hq.
doe. gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec. VII.
A. Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE? Email ExchangeHelp@hq.
doe. gov (with FOA name and number in subject line). REQUIRED DOCUMENTS CHECKLIST ................................
................................ ................................ ...................
- 1 - I. FUNDING OPPORTUNITY DESCRIPTION ................................ ................................
................................ ..... - 3 - A.
AGENCY OVERVIEW ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ........... - 3 - B.
PROGRAM OVERVIEW ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ........ - 4 - 1.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ .. - 4 - 2.
PROGRAM MOTIVATION ................................ ................................ ................................
.............................. - 6 - C. PROGRAM OBJECTIVES AND TECHNICAL AREAS OF INTEREST ................................
................................ .................. - 10 - D.
PROGRAM BOUNDARY , TECHNICAL PERFORM ANCE TARGETS AND DELIVERABLES ................................ ...................... - 17 - 1.
PROGRAM BOUNDARY AND TECHNICAL CATEGORIES ................................ ................................ ......................
- 17 - 2. TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE TARGETS ................................ ................................
................................ ............. - 18 - 3.
PROGRAM STRUCTURE AND DELIVERABLES ................................ ................................ ................................
... - 26 - II. AWARD INFORMATION ................................
................................ ................................ ...........................
- 27 - A. AWARD OVERVIEW ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ .........
- 27 - B. REN EWAL AWARDS ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ .........
- 27 - C. ARPA -E FUNDING AGREEMENTS ................................ ................................
................................ ...................... - 28 - 1.
COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS ................................ ................................ ................................
........................ - 28 - 2. FUNDING AGREEMENTS WITH FFRDC S/DOE LABS , GOGO S, AND FEDERAL INSTRUMENTALITIES ..........................
- 28 - 3. OTHER TRANSACTIONS AUTHORITY ................................ ................................
................................ .............. - 29 - D.
STATEMENT OF SUBSTANTIAL INVOLVEMENT ................................ ................................ ................................
....... - 29 - III. ELIGIBILITY INFORMATION ................................
................................ ................................ ......................
- 31 - A. ELIGIBLE APPLICANTS ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ .......
- 31 - 1. INDIVIDUALS ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ .............
- 31 - 2. DOMESTI C ENTITIES ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ ...
- 31 - 3. FOREIGN ENTITIES ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ .....
- 31 - 4. CONSORTIUM ENTITIES ................................ ................................
................................ ............................... - 32 - B.
COST SHARING ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ............... - 32 - 1.
BASE COST SHARE REQUIREMENT ................................ ................................ ................................
................ - 32 - 2. INCREASED COST SHARE REQUIREMENT ................................
................................ ................................ ........
- 33 - 3. REDUCED COST SHARE REQUIREMENT ................................ ................................
................................ .......... - 33 - 4.
LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY ................................ ................................ ................................
............................... - 34 - 5. COST SHARE ALLOCATION ................................
................................ ................................ ...........................
- 34 - 6. COST SHARE TYPES AND ALLOWABILITY ................................ ................................
................................ ........ - 34 - 7.
COST SHARE CONTRIBUTIONS BY FFRDC S AND GOGO S ................................ ................................ ..................
- 35 - 8. COST SHARE VERIFICATION ................................ ................................
................................ ......................... - 36 - C.
OTHER ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ .......................... - 36 - 1.
COMPLIANT CRI TERIA ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ . - 36 - 2.
RESPONSIVENESS CRITERIA ................................ ................................ ................................
.......................... - 37 - 3. SUBMISSIONS SPECIFICALLY NOT OF INTEREST ................................
................................ ................................ .
- 38 - 4. LIMITATION ON NUMBER OF SUBMISSIONS ................................ ................................
................................ .... - 39 - IV.
APPLICATION AND SUBMISSION INFORMATION ................................ ................................ .................
- 40 - A. APPLICATION PROCESS OVERVIEW ................................ ................................
................................ ..................... - 40 -Questions about this FOA?
Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e. energy. gov/faq .
For questions that have not already been answered, e mail ARPA -E-CO@hq. doe. gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec.
VII. A. Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE?
Email ExchangeHelp@hq. doe. gov (with FOA name and number in subject line).
1. REGISTRATION IN ARPA -E eXCHANGE ................................ ................................
................................ ....... - 40 - 2.
CONCEPT PAPERS ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ...... - 40 - 3.
FUL L APPLICATIONS ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ... - 40 - 4.
REPLY TO REVIEWER COMMENTS ................................ ................................ ................................
................. - 41 - 5. PRE -SELECTION CLARIFICATIONS AND “D OWN -SELECT ” PROCESS ................................
................................ ...... - 41 - 6.
SELECTION FOR AWARD NEGOTIATIONS ................................ ................................ ................................
........ - 41 - B. APPLICATION FORMS ................................
................................ ................................ ................................
....... - 42 - C. CONTENT AND FORM OF CONCEPT PAPERS ................................
................................ ................................ ..........
- 42 - 1. CONCEPT PAPER ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ ........
- 43 - . CONCEPT SUMMARY ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ ..
- 43 - . INNOVATION AND IMPACT ................................ ................................
................................ .......................... - 43 - .
PROPOSED WORK ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ..... - 43 - .
TEAM ORGANIZATION AND CAPABILITIES ................................ ................................ ................................
...... - 44 - D. CONTENT AND FORM OF FULL APPLICATIONS ................................
................................ ................................ .......
- 44 - 1. FIRST COMPONENT : TECHNICAL VOLUME ................................ ................................
................................ ...... - 45 - 2.
SECOND COMPONENT : SF -424 ................................ ................................ ................................
................... - 46 - 3. THIRD COMPONENT : BUDGET JUSTIFICATION WORKBOOK /SF -424A ................................
................................ - 46 - 4. FOURTH COMPONENT : SUMMARY FOR PUBLIC RELEASE ................................
................................ .................. - 47 - 5.
FIFTH COMPONENT : SUMMARY SLIDE ................................ ................................ ................................
........... - 48 - 6. SIXTH COMPONENT : BUSINESS ASSURANCES & DISCLOSURES FORM ................................
................................ .. - 48 - E.
CONTENT AND FORM OF REPLIES T O REVIEWER COMMENTS ................................ ................................ ..................
- 49 - F. INTERGOVERNMENTAL REVIEW ................................ ................................
................................ ......................... - 50 - G.
FUNDING RESTRICTIONS ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ... - 50 - 1.
ALLOWABLE COSTS ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ .... - 50 - 2.
PRE -AWARD COSTS ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ... - 50 - 3.
PATENT COSTS ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ .......... - 51 - 4.
CONSTRUCTION ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ......... - 51 - 5.
FOREIGN TRAVEL ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ....... - 51 - 6.
PERFORMANCE OF WORK IN THE UNITED STATES ................................ ................................ ............................
- 51 - 7. PURCHASE OF NEW EQUIPMENT ................................ ................................
................................ .................. - 52 - 8.
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND OUTREACH ................................ ................................ ................................
...... - 52 - 9. LOBBYING ................................
................................ ................................ ................................
................ - 53 - 10. CONFERENCE SPENDING ................................
................................ ................................ .............................
- 53 - 11. INDEPENDENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS ................................ ................................
....................... - 53 - 12. PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND VIDEO SURVEILLANCE SERVICES OR EQUIPMENT .................
- 54 - H. OTHER SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS ................................ ................................
................................ .................. - 54 - 1.
USE OF ARPA -E eXCHANGE ................................ ................................ ................................
.................... - 54 - V. APPLICATION REVIEW INFORMATION ................................
................................ ................................ .....
- 57 - A. CRITERIA ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ .......................
- 57 - 1. CRITERIA FOR CONCEPT PAPERS ................................ ................................
................................ ................... - 57 - 2.
CRITERIA FOR FULL APPLICATIONS ................................ ................................ ................................
................ - 58 - 3. CRITERIA FOR REPLIES TO REVIEWER COMMENTS ................................
................................ ............................ - 59 - B.
REVIEW AND SELECTION PROCESS ................................ ................................ ................................
...................... - 59 - 1. PROGRAM POLICY FACTORS ................................
................................ ................................ ........................
- 59 - 2. ARPA -E REVIEWERS ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ .
- 60 -Questions about this FOA? Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e. energy.
gov/faq . For questions that have not already been answered, e mail ARPA -E-CO@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec. VII. A.
Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE? Email ExchangeHelp@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and number in subject line). 3. ARPA -E SUPPORT CONTRACTOR ................................
................................ ................................ .................
- 61 - C. ANTICIPATED ANNOUNCEMENT AND AWARD DATES ................................ ................................
............................. - 61 - VI. AWARD ADMINISTRATION INFORMATION ................................
................................ ......................... - 62 - A.
AWARD NOTICES ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ............ - 62 - 1.
REJECTED SUBMISSIONS ................................ ................................ ................................
............................. - 62 - 2. CONCEPT PAPER NOTIFICATIONS ................................
................................ ................................ ..................
- 62 - 3. FULL APPLICATION NOTIFICATIONS ................................ ................................
................................ ............... - 62 - B.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND NATIONAL POLICY REQUIREMENTS ................................ ................................ .....................
- 63 - 1. UNIQUE ENTITY IDENTIFIER AND SAM, FSRS, AND FED CONNECT REGISTRATIONS ................................ ...............
- 64 - 2. NATIONAL POLICY ASSURANCES ................................ ................................
................................ ................... - 65 - 3.
PROOF OF COST SHARE COMMITMENT AND ALLOWABILITY ................................ ................................ ..............
- 65 - 4. COST SHARE PAYMENTS ................................ ................................
................................ ............................. - 65 - 5.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT QUESTIONNAIRE ................................ ................................ ................................
... - 65 - 6. TECHNOLOGY -TO -MARKET PLAN ................................
................................ ................................ .................
- 66 - 7. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND DATA MANAGEMENT PLANS ................................ ................................
............. - 66 - 8. U.S. COMPETITIVENESS ................................
................................ ................................ ..............................
- 67 - 9. CORPORATE FELONY CONVICTIONS AND FEDERAL TAX LIABILITY ................................ ................................
........ - 68 - 10. APPLICANT RISK ANALYSIS ................................
................................ ................................ ..........................
- 68 - 11. RECIPIENT INTEGRITY AND PERFORMANCE MATTERS ................................ ................................
....................... - 68 - 12. NONDISCLOSURE AND CONFIDENTIALITY AGREEMENTS REPRESENTATIONS ................................
.......................... - 69 - 13. INTERIM CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY FOR FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE ................................
................................ .. - 70 - 14.
COMMERCIALIZATION PLAN & SOFTWARE REPORTING ................................ ................................ ....................
- 70 - C. REPORTING ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ ....................
- 70 - VII. AGENCY CONTACTS ................................ ................................
................................ ............................. - 71 - A.
COMMUNICATIONS WITH ARPA -E ................................ ................................ ................................
.................... - 71 - B. DEBRIEFINGS ................................
................................ ................................ ................................
.................. - 72 - VIII. OTHER INFORMATION ................................
................................ ................................ .........................
- 73 - A. TITLE TO SUBJECT INVENTIONS ................................ ................................
................................ .......................... - 73 - B.
GOVERNMENT RIGHTS IN SUBJECT INVENTIONS ................................ ................................ ................................
.... - 73 - 1. GOVERNMENT USE LICENSE ................................
................................ ................................ ........................
- 74 - 2. MARCH -IN RIGHTS ................................ ................................
................................ ................................ ....
- 74 - C. RIGHTS IN TECHNICAL DATA ................................ ................................
................................ .............................. - 74 - D.
PROTECTED PERSONALLY IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION ................................ ................................ ..........................
- 75 - E. FOA S AND FOA MODIFICATIONS ................................ ................................
................................ ...................... - 75 - F.
OBLIGATION OF PUBLIC FUNDS ................................ ................................ ................................
.......................... - 75 - G. REQUIREMENT FOR FULL AND COMPLETE DISCLOSURE ................................
................................ .......................... - 76 - H.
RETENTION OF SUBMISSIONS ................................ ................................ ................................
............................ - 76 - I. MARKING OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION ................................
................................ ................................ ........
- 76 - J. COMPLIANCE AUDIT REQUIREMENT ................................ ................................
................................ ................... - 77 - IX.
GLOSSARY ................................ ................................ ................................
................................ ............... - 78 -Questions about this FOA?
Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e. energy. gov/faq .
For questions that have not already been answered, e mail ARPA -E-CO @hq. doe. gov (with FOA name and number in s ubject line); see FOA Sec.
VII. A . Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE?
Email ExchangeHelp@hq. doe. gov (with FOA name and number in subject line).
## REQUIRED DOCUMENTS CHECKLIST For an overview of the application process, see Section IV. A of the FOA. For guidance regarding requisite application forms, see Section IV.
B of the FOA. For guidance regarding the content and form of Concept Papers, Full Applications, and Replies to Revie wer Comments, see Section s IV. C , IV.
D, and IV. E of the FOA. SUBMISSION COMPONENTS OPTIONAL/ • Each Applicant must submit a Concept Paper in Adobe PDF format by the stated deadline.
The Concept Paper must not exceed 4 pages in length including graphics, figures, and/or tables, and must include the following: o Team Organization and Capabilities • Each Applicant must submit a Technical Volume in Adobe PDF format by the stated deadline. The Technical Volume must include the following: o Executive Summary (1 page max.) o Sections 1 -5 ( 20 pages max.)
• 1. Innovation and Impact • 3. Team Org anization and Capabilities • 4.
Technology to Market o Section 6 : Technical Category A Table (1 page max , Required for Technical Category A Applicants Only ) o Section 7 : Technical Category B Table (1 page max, Required for Technical Category B Applicants Only) o Bibliographic References (no page limit) o Personal Qualification Summaries (each Personal Qualification Summary limited to 3 pages in length, no • The Technical Volume mus t be accompanied by: o SF -424 (no page limit, Adobe PDF format); o Budget Justification Workbook/SF424A (no page limit, o Summary for Public Release (250 words max.
, Adobe o Summary Slide (1 page limit, Microsoft PowerPoint o Completed and signed Business Assurances & Disclosures Form (no page limit, Adobe PDF format). 2023 Questions about this FOA? Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e.
energy. gov/faq . For questions that have not already been answered, e mail ARPA -E-CO @hq.
doe. gov (with FOA name and number in s ubject line); see FOA Sec. VII.
A . Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE? Email ExchangeHelp@hq.
doe. gov (with FOA name and number in subject line). • Each Applicant may submit a Reply to Reviewer Comments in Adobe PDF format.
This submission is optional. The o Up to 2 pages of text; and o Up to 1 page of images. 14, 2023 Questions about this FOA?
Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e. energy. gov/faq .
For questions that have > not already been answered, e mail ARPA -E-CO@hq. doe. gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec.
VII. A. > Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE?
Email ExchangeHelp@hq. doe. gov (with FOA name and n umber in subject line).
## I. FUNDING OPPORTUNITY DESCRIPTION The Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy (ARPA -E), an organization within the Department of Energy (DOE), is chartered by Congress in the America COMPETES Act of 2007 (P. L.
110 -69), as amended by the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (P. L. 111 - 358), as further amended by the Energy Act of 2020 (P.
L.
116 -260): “(A) to enhance the economic and energy security of the United States through the development of ener gy technologies that — (i) reduce imports of energy from foreign sources; (ii) reduce energy -related emissions, including greenhouse gases; (iii) improve the energy efficiency of all economic sectors; (iv) provide transformative solutions to improve the management, clean -up, and disposal of radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel; and (v) improve the resilience, reliability, and security of infrastructure to produce, deliver, (B) to ensure that the United States maintains a technolo gical lead in developing and deploying advanced energy technologies.
” ARPA -E issues this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) under its authorizing statute codified at 42 U.S.C. § 16538. The FOA and any cooperative agreements or grants made under this FOA are subject to 2 C.
F. R. Part 200 as supplemented by 2 C.
F. R. Part 910.
ARPA -E funds research on , and the development of , transformative science and technology solutions to address the energy and environmental missions of the Department. The agency focus es on technologies that can be meaningfully advanced with a modest investment over a defined period of time in order to catalyze the translation from scientific discovery to early - stage technology.
For the latest news and information about ARPA -E, its programs and the research projects currently supported, see: http:/ /arpa -e. energy. gov/ .
ARPA -E funds transformational research. Existing energy technologies generally progress on established “learning curves” where refinements to a technology and the economies of scale that accrue as manufacturing and distribution develo p drive improvements to the cost/performance metric in a gradual fashion.
This continual improvement of a technology is important to its increased commercial deployment and is appropriately the focus of the private sector or the applied technology offices within DOE. By contrast, ARPA -E supports transformative research that has the potential to create fundamentally new learning curves.
ARPA -E technology projects typically start with cost/performance estimates well above the level of an incumbent technolo gy. Given the high risk inherent in these projects, many will fail to progress, but some may succeed in generating a new learning curve with a projected cost/performance metric that is significantly better than that of the incumbent technology. Questions about this FOA?
Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e. energy. gov/faq .
For questions that have > not already been answered, e mail ARPA -E-CO@hq. doe. gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec.
VII. A. > Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE?
Email ExchangeHelp@hq. doe. gov (with FOA name and n umber in subject line).
ARPA -E fu nds technology with the potential to be disruptive in the marketplace . The mere creation of a new learning curve does not ensure market penetration. Rather, the ultimate value of a technology is determined by the marketplace, and impactful technologies ult imately become disruptive – that is, they are widely adopted and displace existing technologies from the marketplace or create entirely new markets.
ARPA -E understands that definitive proof of market disruption takes time, particularly for energy technolo gies. Therefore, ARPA -E funds the development of technologies that, if technically successful, have clear disruptive potential, e.g., by demonstrating capability for manufacturing at competitive cost and deployment at scale. ARPA -E funds applied research and development.
The Office of Management and Budget defines “applied research” as an “original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge…directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective” and d efines “experimental development” as “creative and systematic work, drawing on knowledge gained from research and practical experience, which is directed at producing new products or processes or improving existing products or processes .
” 1 Applicants int erested in receiving financial assistance for basic research (defined by the Office of Management and Budget as “experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundations of phenomena and observable facts” )2 should contact the DOE’s Office of Science ( http://science. energy. gov/ ).
Office of Science national scientific user facilities (http://science. energy . gov/user -facilities/ ) are open to all researchers, including ARPA -E Applicants and awardees.
These facilities provide advanced tools of modern science including accelerators, colliders, supercomputers, light sources and neutron sources, as well as facili ties for studying the nanoworld, the environment, and the atmosphere.
Projects focused on early - stage R&D for the improvement of technology along defined roadmaps may be more appropriate for support through the DOE applied energy offices including: the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy ( http://www. eere. energy.
gov/ ), the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management ( https://www. energy. gov/fecm/office -fossil -energy -and -carbon - management ), the Office of Nuclear Energy ( http://www.
energy. gov/ne/office -nuclear -energy ), and the Office of Electricity ( https://www. energy.
gov/oe/office -electricity ). Projects funded under t he Cooling Operations Optimized for Leaps in Energy, Reliability and Carbon Hyperefficiency for Information Processing Systems (COOLERCHIPS) program will develop novel high performance, high reliability cooling systems for compute electronics. These cooling systems will enable a new class of power -dense computational systems, data centers, > pg.
3. Questions about this FOA? Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e.
energy. gov/faq . For questions that have > not already been answered, e mail ARPA -E-CO@hq.
doe. gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec. VII.
A. > Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE? Email ExchangeHelp@hq.
doe. gov (with FOA name and n umber in subject line). and modular EDGE systems that will be cooled using 5% or less of the IT load at any location in the United States at any time of the year.
The COOLERCHIPS program will support the leverag ing of recent nascent advances in thermal management, cool ant flow technology, materials, manufacturing, design, controls, and reliability engineering.
Illustrative example areas of interest include, but are not limited to: • New materials, surface treatments, thermal interface solutions, manufacturing methods and conduction methods for improving heat transfer from chipsets ; • Advances in heat transfer to create and control 3D fluid structures with minimal thermal • Innovations in cooling system engineering for reliability that address severity, occurr ence and detectability of potential component failures and novel ideas that include system level risk mitigation, health monitoring and controls ; and • Novel modular data center or EDGE compute system designs that can operate high density compute systems at any time in any US location with highly efficient cooling The COOLERCHIPS FOA seeks to encourage the formation of multi -disciplinary teams to overcome the technology barriers for the development of high -performance cooling solutions that can s imultaneously achieve the required system reliability and cost viability 3.
Proposing teams should incorporate expertise in relevant compute servers, heat transfer, reliability, modeling, data center techno -economics, data center operation, and commerciali zation. ARPA -E has identified four Technical Categories for cooling system innovation opportunities. As detailed further in Section I.
D. 2, they will focus on transformative solutions that can deliver low cooling power consumption (≤ 5% of the IT load) whi le supporting high rack power density (≥ 126 kW/ 42U rack or equivalent 4) at any time and any location in the US (targeting 0. 4% design day targets analogous to ASHRAE methods 5,6) and show a path to system reliability and cost similar to that of conventional data centers today 7.
Technical Category A will focus on innovations for heat removal from server chipsets to facility cooling systems. Such innovations could be applied in the compute room of existing data centers. Technical Category B will support innovations in modular data center systems where individual stand -alone module/pods are envisioned with high performance computing systems that can operate in any outside ambient environment.
Technical Categories A and B will be supported by Techn ical Category C whose teams will develop and make available tools to design and analyze data center and compute cooling systems with the capability to optimize > 3Stolker -Walker, C. “ Data Ce nters Are Facing a Climate Crisis ”, Wired online, Aug 2022, > https://www. wired.
com/story/data -centers -climate -change/ > 4Cabinets, R. , Panels, and Associated Equipment, EIA/ECA Standard. EIA/ECA -310 -E, 26 pages (Dec.
2005). > 6ASHRAE Handbook —Fundamentals (SI). > 7https://uptimeinstitute.
com/tiers Questions about this FOA? Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e. energy.
gov/faq . For questions that have > not already been answered, e mail ARPA -E-CO@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec. VII. A.
> Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE? Email ExchangeHelp@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and n umber in subject line). their reliability and minimize their energy, CO 2 footprint, and cost at the system level. Furthe r support will be provided by Technical Category D which will provide testing facilities for performance evaluation and technology transition to commercialization.
These Technology Categories are described in Section I. D of this FOA. Each application shou ld be limited to only one Technical Category, although applicants may submit multiple applications for different Technical Categories and participate on multiple application teams.
Additionally, applicants may submit multiple applications to the same Techn ical Category if the applications are scientifically distinct. COOLERCHIPS will be structured as a program with a period of performance up to 36 months . In Technical Categories A and B, ARPA -E anticipates that awarded teams will initially execute an analytical/computational design effort and will reduce key risks through component and single server testing .
At the middle of proposed period of performance , a Go/No -Go milestone is anticipated that will determine whether key risk s ha ve been sufficiently retired to proceed to the second half of the project in which teams will develop, fabricate, and test full size prototypes (rack scale testing for Technical Category A and full -scale modular data center/EDGE system for Technical Category B).
In order to encourage efficient use of ARPA -E funding, note that “full -scale” for Technical Category B can mean a less than commercial optimal scale, but a scale sufficient to validate the technical performance of the proposed transformational technology. See Section I. D.
3, “Program Structure and Deliverables” for further details. The COOLERCHIPS program seeks to support the develop ment of transformational cooling technologies that will scale to the high rack power densities and low electronics case temperatures predicted for chipsets in the coming decade s8 and efficient cooling systems that will scale in size to be suitable for smaller, modular EDGE data centers for low -latency applications.
Improved thermal system controls could lead to thermal stability and increased life of electronic parts and reduced electronic waste. Efficient cooling and higher heat rejection temperatures could le ad to drastically reduced water consumption and increased potential for future waste heat reuse .
There are several ways to improve data center efficiency: power conversion, chip development, software and computational efficiency; these efforts are all important. However, it is difficult to predict the hardware and software architecture of future data centers. Nevertheless, every unit of electrical energy going into a data center must eventually be rejected as heat to the environment through a cooling system.
The focus of COOLERCHIPS is to improve the efficiency of these cooling systems. COOLERCHIPS see ks thermal system solutions to this problem. > 8Emergence and Expansion of Liquid Cooling in Mainstream Data Centers, ASHRAE TC9.
9, 2021 Questions about this FOA? Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e. energy.
gov/faq . For questions that have not already been answered, e mail ARPA -E-CO@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec. VII. A.
Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE? Email ExchangeHelp@hq. doe.
gov (with FOA name and n umber in subject line). Solutions involving chip design, power electronics improvements, and software architecture are outside the scope of this FOA. Questions about this FOA?
Check the Frequently Asked Questions available at http://arpa -e. energy. gov/faq .
For questions that have not already been answered, e mail ARPA -E-CO@hq. doe. gov (with FOA name and number in subject line); see FOA Sec.
VII. A. Problems with ARPA -E eXCHANGE?
Email ExchangeHelp@hq. doe. gov (with FOA name and n umber in subject line).
Data center energy consumption and environmental impact Advanced computations form the basis of a growing portion of the scientific, engineering, and economic activity we see today.
As more and more vehicles, robotics, medical systems, and other services and devices interact with large data sets and even may use artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in real time (machine to machine communication), further accelerated growth of this sector is expected 9. The infrastructure for these computations and data storage is hosted by data servers in data centers.
These latter can v ary greatly in size, from a single data server in a building closet, to many rows of racks of servers in hyper scale data center and high -performance computing (HPC) facilities. Global data center energy consumption is estimated to be in excess of 300 TWh 10 , and US data centers have been estimated to utilize up to 2% of US electricity production 11 . Data center cooling can account
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