2024 American National Election Study Competition (ANES)

2024 American National Election Study Competition (ANES) is sponsored by National Science Foundation (NSF). The ANES program funds research that produces high-quality data on voting, public opinion, and political participation in American national elections.

NSF 21-601: 2024 American National Election Study Competition (ANES) | NSF - U.S. National Science Foundation Archived funding opportunity This solicitation is archived. Important information for proposers and award recipients All proposals must be submitted in accordance with the requirements specified in the funding opportunity and in the Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG) and its supplements .

All NSF grants and cooperative agreements are subject to the applicable set of NSF award terms and conditions . NSF has updated its research security policies for NSF funded projects. NSF 21-601: 2024 American National Election Study Competition (ANES) Download the solicitation (PDF, 0.

4mb) National Science Foundation Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences Division of Social and Economic Sciences Letter of Intent Due Date(s) (required) (due by 5 p. m. submitter's local time): Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p.

m. submitter's local time): Important Information And Revision Notes Letters of Intent submitted in response to this solicitation should be submitted in accordance with the NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG) ( NSF 20-1 ), which is effective for proposals submitted, or due, on or after June 1, 2020.

Full Proposals submitted in response to this solicitation should be submitted in accordance with the revised PAPPG ( NSF 22-1 ), which is effective for proposals submitted, or due, on or after October 4, 2021. Summary Of Program Requirements 2024 American National Election Study Competition (ANES) The American National Election Studies (ANES) is a comprehensive longitudinal data collection.

The ANES is responsible for providing gold standard data on voting, public opinion, and political participation in American national elections. ANES’s data are valuable for many reasons: they measure multiple variables; they allow complex comparisons across people, place, and time; they consistently and continuously leverage methodological advances; and they support dynamic hypothesis testing.

Because ANES data have these attributes, they are used by researchers all over the world to answer questions that are vital to the health of American democracy. Through researchers who use ANES data, the ANES advances the progress of science and provides a vital service to the nation. The project now known as the ANES has been collecting data and facilitating rigorous research since 1948.

The project’s centerpiece is a series of in-person national surveys that are conducted in the weeks leading up to, and directly following, every U.S. presidential election. These surveys have been conducted using large sample sizes, many questions, and random sampling techniques.

These attributes of the data offer researchers an opportunity to derive important discoveries from otherwise hard to see relationships between people, places, and circumstances that occur within every election cycle. The sampling framework of ANES’s face-to-face presidential election survey has been relatively stable over time.

This stability gives researchers an opportunity to produce important discoveries about the health and vitality of American democracy by facilitating dynamic investigations across elections and over longer periods of time.

While the ANES’ main survey has been conducted primarily using a face-to-face design where trained interviewers go into households to conduct their interviews, ANES has complemented this activity with other potentially valuable data collection strategies including the use of random digit dialing (RDD) in the last-quarter of the 20 th century and web-based platforms in the 21 st century.

The ANES is known and respected among public users, academic researchers, and survey experts alike for providing the “gold standard” of election-focused survey data. As a result, any organization that runs the ANES is expected to explore, develop, evaluate, and use the best techniques available at the time.

The Accountable Institutions and Behavior Program in the Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences expects to make one or two awards for the 2024 American National Election Study (ANES), with the award to run from fiscal years 2022 to 2025. We anticipate that the ANES funding will total no more than $14 million over four years, whether it is one or two awards. The expected starting date is July 2022.

Cognizant Program Officer(s): Please note that the following information is current at the time of publishing. See program website for any updates to the points of contact. Brian Crisp, Program Officer, telephone: Lee D.

Walker, Program Officer, telephone: Applicable Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) Number(s): --- Social Behavioral and Economic Sciences Anticipated Type of Award: Continuing Grant or Cooperative Agreement Estimated Number of Awards: A total of at least one award will be made for the ANES Competition.

Anticipated Funding Amount: $14,000,000 total for one or two awards, pending availability of appropriations Who May Submit Proposals: Proposals may only be submitted by the following: Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) - Two- and four-year IHEs (including community colleges) accredited in, and having a campus located in the US, acting on behalf of their faculty members.

Special Instructions for International Branch Campuses of US IHEs: If the proposal includes funding to be provided to an international branch campus of a US institution of higher education (including through use of subawards and consultant arrangements), the proposer must explain the benefit(s) to the project of performance at the international branch campus, and justify why the project activities cannot be performed at the US campus.

Non-profit, non-academic organizations: Independent museums, observatories, research labs, professional societies and similar organizations in the U.S. associated with educational or research activities. There are no restrictions or limits. Limit on Number of Proposals per Organization: Organizations are restricted to submitting only one proposal for this solicitation.

Limit on Number of Proposals per PI or co-PI: Principal Investigators and co-principal investigators are restricted to submitting only one proposal for this solicitation. Proposal Preparation and Submission Instructions A. Proposal Preparation Instructions Letters of Intent: Submission of Letters of Intent is required.

Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information. Preliminary Proposal Submission: Not required Full Proposals submitted via FastLane: NSF Proposal and Award Policies and Procedures Guide (PAPPG) guidelines apply. The complete text of the PAPPG is available electronically on the NSF website at: https://www.

nsf. gov/publications/pub_summ. jsp?

ods_key=pappg . Full Proposals submitted via Grants. gov: NSF Grants.

gov Application Guide: A Guide for the Preparation and Submission of NSF Applications via Grants. gov guidelines apply (Note: The NSF Grants. gov Application Guide is available on the Grants.

gov website and on the NSF website at: https://www. nsf. gov/publications/pub_summ.

jsp? ods_key=grantsgovguide ). Cost Sharing Requirements: Inclusion of voluntary committed cost sharing is prohibited.

Indirect Cost (F&A) Limitations: Other Budgetary Limitations: Other budgetary limitations apply. Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information. Letter of Intent Due Date(s) (required) (due by 5 p.

m. submitter's local time): Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p. m.

submitter's local time): Proposal Review Information Criteria National Science Board approved criteria. Additional merit review criteria apply. Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information.

Award Administration Information Additional award conditions apply. Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information. Standard NSF reporting requirements apply.

The American National Election Studies (ANES) is a comprehensive longitudinal data collection. The ANES is responsible for providing gold standard data on voting, public opinion, and political participation in American national elections.

ANES’s data are valuable for many reasons: they measure multiple variables; they allow complex comparisons across people, place, and time; they consistently and continuously leverage methodological advances; and they support dynamic hypothesis testing. Because ANES data has these attributes, they are used by researchers all over the world to answer questions that are vital to the health of American democracy.

Through researchers who use ANES data, the ANES advances the progress of science and provides a vital service to the nation. The project now known as the ANES has been collecting data and facilitating rigorous research since 1948. The project’s centerpiece is a series of in-person national surveys that are conducted in the weeks leading up to, and directly following, every U.S. presidential election.

These surveys have been conducted using large sample sizes, many questions, and random sampling techniques. These attributes of the data offer researchers an opportunity to derive important discoveries from otherwise hard to see relationships between people, places, and circumstances that occur within every election cycle.

The sampling framework of ANES’s face-to-face presidential election survey has been relatively stable over time. This stability gives researchers an opportunity to produce important discoveries about the health and vitality of American democracy by facilitating dynamic investigations across elections and over longer periods of time.

While the ANES’ main survey has been conducted primarily using a face-to-face design where trained interviewers go into households to conduct their interviews, ANES has complemented this activity with other potentially valuable data collection strategies including the use of random digit dialing (RDD) in the last-quarter of the 20 th century and web-based platforms in the 21 st century.

The ANES is known and respected among public users, academic researchers, and survey experts alike for providing the “gold standard” of election-focused survey data. As a result, any organization that runs the ANES is expected to explore, develop, evaluate, and use the best techniques available at the time.

The Accountable Institutions and Behavior Program in the Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences expects to make one or two awards for the 2024 American National Election Study (ANES), with the award to run from fiscal years 2022 to 2025. We anticipate that the ANES funding will total no more than $14 million over four years, whether it is one or two awards. The expected starting date is July 2022.

Should two independent awards be made, the two awardees will be required to work closely together. Innovative proposals incorporating recent advances in survey research, the use of administrative data, sampling methods, and/or new concepts in the study of elections are encouraged. We seek proposals that draw from, and build upon, the ANES’ many accomplishments.

At the same time, we seek innovative ideas for ways to improve the ANES’s scientific and public value. With these objectives in mind, we seek proposals that emphasize excellence in one or more of the following areas: The collection of detailed individual-level data from the weeks immediately preceding and immediately following the 2024 presidential election.

To facilitate comparisons of the 2024 election to previous elections covered by ANES data, the 2024 data must produce detailed individual-level observations that are collected from American citizens in the weeks immediately preceding, and the weeks immediately following, the 2024 presidential election. Proposals lacking this attribute will not be considered.

Innovations to improve data quality and the scientific or public value of the data. We are interested in receiving proposals to improve the precision, accuracy, research value, and public value of the type of data that the ANES collects.

Potential innovations include, but are not limited to: new interview techniques, new experiments that improve interview administration and data quality, new methodological and substantive experiments within interviews that facilitate new kinds of hypothesis testing; the use of over-samples to for populations of high national interest to improve the quality of measurements within that population and to allow more precise understandings of relationships between population groups, the linking or integration of other types of data that can facilitate new forms of analysis on questions that are vital to the nation.

Efforts to rigorously evaluate and improve question wordings and response options. The continuing quality of ANES data requires that researchers have an accurate understanding of what responses to specific survey questions actually mean.

Proposals must demonstrate a commitment to using the best available knowledge on question wording and response options to determine which questions from past surveys to keep, which to update, and which to sunset. Research community engagement. An Advisory Board must be proposed.

It should include a description of the Board’s responsibilities. In the past, ANES Advisory Boards have helped to develop and evaluate questionnaires and sampling frameworks. Using modules to expand capacity.

Proposals can include “module” competition that would allow members of the advisory board and other social scientists to propose topics and questions for inclusion in the ANES. Gold-standard data-dissemination and access.

Proposals must include a precise description of how newly collected data will be processed and made available for research on the 2024 election and research that integrates 2024 data with ANES data from previous elections.

Required details include how variables will be constructed, how data files and codebooks will be built and made accessible; how data access can be made easier and more effective, and how success on these activities will be measured. Exploring methods to over-sample minority groups, improving the quality and precision of across group comparisons.

A means for including questions from Cooperative Study of Electoral Systems into questionnaires, if appropriate. A means for integration with the General Social Survey and/or other institutionalized social, behavioral and economic surveys, if of value to the nation. If two awards are made, the principal investigators and their respective staff must coordinate to develop complementary questionnaires, sampling frameworks, and instruments.

They must report to the same Advisory Board. The proposed functions of the ANES Advisory Board, and the amount of budgetary support needed for board meetings, must be included in the proposal. Project descriptions should address the Principal Investigator’s ability and capacity to meet the objectives described above.

Descriptions involving multiple PIs and organizations must describe the individuals' and organizations' capacities for effective coordination in the ANES context. ANES award(s) will not support secondary data analysis or investigator-based research by ANES Principal Investigators, ANES staff, or their students.

Moreover, any principal investigator or co-principal investigator who has received NSF support during the preceding five years must include a section describing Results from Prior NSF Support. Special Requirements and Restrictions: If a project is being undertaken by researchers at multiple organizations, a single organization must be identified as the lead organization.

A single proposal describing the entire project must be submitted by the organization with funds distributed among partner organizations via subawards from the lead organization. Direct submission of linked collaborative sets of proposals by multiple organizations is not permitted.

Anticipated Type of Award: Continuing Grant or Cooperative Agreement Estimated Number of Awards: 1 to 2 A total of at least one award will be made for the ANES Competition. Anticipated Funding Amount: $14,000,000 $14,000,000 total for one or two awards, pending availability of appropriations Estimated program budget, number of awards and average award size/duration are subject to the availability of funds. IV.

Eligibility Information Who May Submit Proposals: Proposals may only be submitted by the following: Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) - Two- and four-year IHEs (including community colleges) accredited in, and having a campus located in the US, acting on behalf of their faculty members.

Special Instructions for International Branch Campuses of US IHEs: If the proposal includes funding to be provided to an international branch campus of a US institution of higher education (including through use of subawards and consultant arrangements), the proposer must explain the benefit(s) to the project of performance at the international branch campus, and justify why the project activities cannot be performed at the US campus.

Non-profit, non-academic organizations: Independent museums, observatories, research labs, professional societies and similar organizations in the U.S. associated with educational or research activities. There are no restrictions or limits. Limit on Number of Proposals per Organization: Organizations are restricted to submitting only one proposal for this solicitation.

Limit on Number of Proposals per PI or co-PI: Principal Investigators and co-principal investigators are restricted to submitting only one proposal for this solicitation. Additional Eligibility Info: V. Proposal Preparation And Submission Instructions A.

Proposal Preparation Instructions Letters of Intent (required) : To expedite the review process for the ANES proposals, a Letter of Intent to submit a proposal must be submitted via Fastlane by 5:00 PM, submitter’s local time, on the due date.

The Letter of Intent must contain the following information: The names and affiliations of the principal investigators and other senior personnel and professionals (including consultants) The names of any other participating organizations. One Letter of Intent per research team should be submitted. Failure to meet the Letter of Intent deadline will disqualify a proposal from consideration.

Letters of Intent are not evaluated for scientific merit; rather, they are used to assemble review panels with appropriate expertise. Please direct any questions about the Letter of Intent to Jan Leighley, Accountable Institutions and Behavior Program Officer.

Letter of Intent Preparation Instructions : When submitting a Letter of Intent through FastLane in response to this Program Solicitation please note the conditions outlined below: Submission by an Authorized Organizational Representative (AOR) is required when submitting Letters of Intent.

Other Senior Project Personnel are permitted Other Participating Organizations are permitted Submission of multiple Letters of Intent is not permitted Full Proposal Preparation Instructions : Proposers may opt to submit proposals in response to this Program Solicitation via FastLane or Grants.

gov. Full proposals submitted via FastLane: Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation should be prepared and submitted in accordance with the general guidelines contained in the NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG). The complete text of the PAPPG is available electronically on the NSF website at: https://www. nsf.

gov/publications/pub_summ. jsp? ods_key=pappg .

Paper copies of the PAPPG may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-8134 or by e-mail from nsfpubs@nsf. gov . Proposers are reminded to identify this program solicitation number in the program solicitation block on the NSF Cover Sheet For Proposal to the National Science Foundation.

Compliance with this requirement is critical to determining the relevant proposal processing guidelines. Failure to submit this information may delay processing. Full proposals submitted via Grants.

gov: Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation via Grants. gov should be prepared and submitted in accordance with the NSF Grants. gov Application Guide: A Guide for the Preparation and Submission of NSF Applications via Grants.

gov . The complete text of the NSF Grants. gov Application Guide is available on the Grants.

gov website and on the NSF website at: ( https://www. nsf. gov/publications/pub_summ.

jsp? ods_key=grantsgovguide ). To obtain copies of the Application Guide and Application Forms Package, click on the Apply tab on the Grants.

gov site, then click on the Apply Step 1: Download a Grant Application Package and Application Instructions link and enter the funding opportunity number, (the program solicitation number without the NSF prefix) and press the Download Package button. Paper copies of the Grants. gov Application Guide also may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-8134 or by e-mail from nsfpubs@nsf.

gov . See PAPPG Chapter II. C.

2 for guidance on the required sections of a full research proposal submitted to NSF. Please note that the proposal preparation instructions provided in this program solicitation may deviate from the PAPPG instructions.

Proposal Sections with Special Instructions for Proposals Submitted in Response to This Solicitation The following sections of the proposal are mandatory and should be prepared in accordance with the following supplementary instructions as well as to guidance in the PAPPG or the NSF Grants. gov Application Guide. For the program solicitation number, use the number listed at the top of this solicitation.

(Grants. gov users: The program solicitation number will be pre-populated by Grants. gov on the NSF Grant Application Cover Page.)

For the NSF organizational unit, select SES-AIB. No co-reviews will be allowed for these proposals. (Grants.

gov users: Refer to Section VI. 1. 2.

of the NSF Grants. gov Application Guide for specific instructions on how to designate the NSF Unit of Consideration.) The title of the proposal should describe the project in concise, informative language so that a scientifically or technically literate reader could understand what the project is about.

Provide complete information requested on the Cover Sheet for the principal investigator (PI) and for up to four co-principal investigators (co-PIs), including current contact information. The Project Description is limited to 30 pages in length. With the exceptions noted below, proposers may organize the different components of the project description as they wish.

The following sections MUST be included under separate headings in the project description: Management Plan. The following information should be provided: (1) a description of the management structure that will enable the team to work effectively; and (2) specification of the qualifications of each of the senior personnel as well as the contribution they are expected to make to the project.

This section increases in importance as the number of senior personnel or organizations involved in the project increases. The management plan usually is between 1 and 2 pages in length. Continuity of ANES Principles.

This section should describe the continuing relevance of the ANES in research on American presidential elections, electoral politics, and political behavior more generally. This section should describe how their proposed plans allow research projects now dependent on ANES data to continue as seamlessly as possible, and to be improved where possible.

This may also discuss plans to minimize, take advantage of, or otherwise address disruptions in the longitudinal datastream due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data Quality and Accessibility. This section provides detailed information about how ANES standards of data quality and accessibility will be sustained, and where possible improved.

Topics covered must include, but are not limited to, how data, variables, and codebooks will be released in a timely manner, how appropriate cyberinfrastructure will be developed and sustained, how newly produced data will be integrated with past data and made available to current and future users, including researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, and larger communities beyond the academy. Innovations.

These innovations may draw from the responses to the areas of excellence described above, may include issues of cost effectiveness, sustainability, sampling concepts, privacy considerations, adapting to new research trends, ways of improving measurements or integrating different kinds of data not mentioned above, and other innovations that increase the scientific and public value of the ANES. Expected Significance.

This section should address, in separate sub-sections, the intellectual merit and the broader impacts of the project. One sub-section must explain how the next years of the ANES will generate new insight and understanding about voting and elections that are of essential value to our nation.

The second sub-section must be labeled "Broader Impacts" and should discuss the potential broader impacts of the project, including contributions to education, infrastructure, survey methodology, and public opinion research.

In this sub-section the proposal must explicitly address how the project will promote new opportunities for members of historically underrepresented groups to participate in, and benefit from, this dynamic scientific project. (The inclusion of the Broader Impacts subsection in this required section fulfills the general requirement in the PAPPG or the equivalent section of the NSF Grants.

gov Application Guide requiring a separate section within the Project Description labeled "Broader Impacts.") Special Information and Supplementary Documentation Following are supplementary documents for which special instructions are provided for proposals submitted in response to this solicitation that supplement guidance in the PAPPG and the NSF Grants.

gov Application Guide: NSF-Required Supplementary Documentation All proposals must include a plan for data management and sharing the products of research. The data management plan must be no longer than 2 pages in length and must be included as a supplementary document. The data management plans must address all five of the points specified in Chapter II of the NSF PAPPG and the comparable section of the NSF Grants.

gov Application Guide. Proposers are especially encouraged to specify how they intend to make data, software, and other products of the research readily available to potential users through institutionally based archives, repositories, or distribution networks so that the products may be easily accessed by others over long time periods.

ANES-Required Supplementary Documentation All proposals must include a two-page plan for ensuring the security of all data that may be accessible via electronic means. In addition, the plan must indicate how confidentiality and anonymity will be maintained for data that may be linked to administrative or other kinds of data. If an award is made, the plan will need to be maintained.

Confirmation Statements from All Senior Personnel Because an individual may serve as one of the senior personnel on only one ANES proposal submitted in response to this solicitation, each person who will serve as senior personnel for a project described in a proposal must include a statement that confirms their participation in this project and that specifies that they are not participating as a PI, co-PI, or member of the senior personnel on any other project seeking ANES support.

The following statement from each individual serving as a member of the Senior Personnel on a project must be included as a supplementary document in the proposal. (This statement may be in the form of a signed statement or a statement sent by e-mail to the PI.)

To: NSF 2024 ANES Competition From: ____________________________________ (Printed name of the individual collaborator or name of the organization and name and position of the official submitting this memo) By signing or transmitting this message electronically, I acknowledge that I am a PI, co-PI, or other member of the senior personnel for the project outlined in the proposal titled "_____(proposal title)_______," with _______(PI name)______ as the Principal Investigator.

In addition, I confirm that I am not a PI, co-PI, or other member of the senior personnel for any other project submitted for the ANES competition.

Signed: _______________________ Organization: ________________________________ Date: _________________________ If an individual is involved as PI, co-PI, or other member of the senior personnel on two or more ANES proposals submitted, all proposals with which that person is associated will be returned without review.

Other Allowable Types of Supplementary Documentation The following kinds of documentation may be included as supplementary documentation in an ANES proposal. Brief statements, whether written as letters or as free-standing e-mail messages from individuals and/or organizations that will work with the PIs and/or provide assistance for the proposed project, may be included as supplementary documents.

Such letters are not needed from individuals included as senior personnel on a project or from sub-awardee organizations because their involvement in the project is affirmed by the inclusion of their biographical sketches and/or subaward budgets. Letters of collaboration should focus on the willingness of the letter's author to collaborate or provide assistance for the project in ways that have been outlined in the proposal.

Such letters should not argue for support of the project by articulating in greater detail what activities the collaborator will undertake and/or by elaborating reasons for supporting the project. Such additional text may be included in the project description of the proposal but is not permitted in a supplementary document.

The Accountable Institutions and Behavior program director strongly recommends the use of a template like the following for letters of collaboration. If this template or very similar text is not used, the text provided by the letter's author must be equally brief and to the point.

Inclusion of longer letters may result in the PIs being forced to remove such letters (with no other changes to the proposal permitted) or in NSF's returning the proposal without review. Suggested template for a letter of collaboration. (This statement may be in the form of a signed statement or a statement sent by email to the PI.)

To: NSF 2024 ANES Competition From: ____________________________________ [Insert the name of the individual collaborator or insert the name of the organization and the name and position of the official submitting this statement] By signing below or by transmitting this message electronically, I acknowledge that I/my organization [Choose appropriate text] will collaborate in and/or assist with the conduct of the project described in the proposal titled "____________" [Insert proposal title] with _____________ [Insert the PI's name] as the Principal Investigator.

I/My organization [Choose appropriate text] will provide assistance as described in the project description of this proposal. Signed: _______________________ Organization: ________________________________ Date: _________________________ Proposers are reminded to see PAPPG, Chapter II. D.

5 for NSF policies on proposals involving human subjects.

Research in Undergraduate Institutions (RUI) Supplementary Documentation If the ANES proposal is being submitted from a primarily undergraduate institution, the two supplementary documents described in the Facilitating Research at Primarily Undergraduate Institutions: Research in Undergraduate Institutions (RUI) and Research Opportunity Awards (ROA) solicitation are permissible in proposals submitted to the ANES competition.

Those supplementary documents are a certification of RUI eligibility and a separate RUI impact statement. Prepare these documents in accordance with instructions in the RUI/ROA solicitation.

Note that the RUI/ROA solicitation includes instructions that specify that if a predominantly undergraduate institution is submitting an RUI proposal for the ANES competition, it should select the number of the RUI/ROA solicitation for the cover sheet, but it should then select the SES-Accountable Institutions and Behavior program as the NSF unit to consider the proposal, and it should include reference to the proposal being submitted for the ANES competition in the first sentence of the project summary.

Although the proposal may be formally submitted in response to the RUI/ROA solicitation, the proposal must otherwise be compliant with all requirements in the ANES solicitation. Supplementary Documentation NOT Allowed in ANES Proposals The ANES solicitation does NOT allow the submission of letters of support as supplementary documents.

Letters from others that expound on and/or articulate in detail what activities a collaborator may undertake and/or that provide arguments for support of a project may be included in the project description, although inclusion of such letters must be accommodated within the 30 pages permitted for the project description.

Research Instruments, Data, Publications, and Other Nonpermissible Supplementary Documentation Documentation that elaborates on how research will be conducted is not permitted as supplementary documentation.

Survey or interview protocols, lists of data to be examined or already collected, graphics related to the project, and other such documentation may be included within the 30 pages permitted for the project description, but they may not be included as supplementary documents. Reprints of publications or other materials that provide additional evidence of the past work of the researchers are not permitted as supplementary documents.

If a principal investigator has any uncertainty regarding the possible appropriateness of any document to be included as supplementary documentation, the investigator should contact the Accountable Institutions and Behavior program officer, usually well in advance of the proposal submission deadline. No appendices are permitted. Other Issues