Advancing Diversity in Aging Research through Undergraduate Education (R25)

Advancing Diversity in Aging Research through Undergraduate Education (R25) is sponsored by National Institute on Aging - NIH. This R25 program supports educational activities that encourage individuals from diverse backgrounds, including those from groups underrepresented in the biomedical and behavioral sciences, to pursue further studies or careers in research related to aging.

Expired PAR-17-290: NIA MSTEM: Advancing Diversity in Aging Research through Undergraduate Education (R25) This notice has expired. Check the NIH Guide for active opportunities and notices. Department of Health and Human Services Part 1.

Overview Information Participating Organization(s) National Institutes of Health ( NIH ) of Participating Organizations National Institute on Aging ( NIA ) Funding Opportunity Title NIA MSTEM: Advancing Diversity in Aging Research through Undergraduate Education (R25) January 26, 2021 - This PA has been reissued as PAR-20-317 .

May 14, 2020 - NIA Late Application Policy for NIA-Specific FOAs with Application Due Dates in May, June, and July 2020. See Notice NOT-AG-20-033 . March 10, 2020 - Reminder: FORMS-F Grant Application Forms & Instructions Must be Used for Due Dates On or After May 25, 2020- New Grant Application Instructions Now Available.

See Notice NOT-OD-20-077 . November 22, 2019 - Notice of NIH's Interest in Diversity. See Notice NOT-OD-20-031 .

Clarifying Competing Application Instructions and Notice of Publication of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Regarding Proposed Human Fetal Tissue Research. See Notice Changes to NIH Requirements Regarding Proposed Human Fetal Tissue Research. See Notice NOT-OD-19-128 .

July 22, 2019 - Requirement for ORCID iDs for Individuals Supported by Research Training, Fellowship, Research Education, and Career Development Awards Beginning in FY 2020. See Notice NOT-OD-19-109 . November 26, 2018 - NIH & AHRQ Announce Upcoming Updates to Application Instructions and Review Criteria for Research Grant Applications.

See Notice NOT-OD-18-228 . Reminder: FORMS-E Grant Application Forms and Instructions Must be Used for Due Dates On or After January 25, 2018. Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Number Companion Funding Opportunity Additional Information on Eligibility .

Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) Number(s) Funding Opportunity Purpose The NIH Research Education Program (R25) supports research education activities in the mission areas of the NIH.

The over-arching goal of this NIA R25 program is to support educational activities that enhance the diversity of the biomedical, behavioral and clinical research workforce in To accomplish the stated over-arching goal, this FOA will support creative educational activities with a primary focus on Research Experiences and Curriculum or Methods Development.

Open Date (Earliest Submission Date) Letter of Intent Due Date(s) dates apply, by 5:00 PM local time of applicant organization. All types of non-AIDS applications allowed for this funding opportunity announcement are due on these dates. Applicants are encouraged to apply early to allow adequate time to make any corrections to errors found in the application during the submission process by the due date.

AIDS Application Due Date(s) dates apply, by 5:00 PM local time of applicant organization. All types of AIDS and AIDS-related applications allowed for this funding opportunity announcement are due on these dates. Applicants are encouraged to apply early to allow adequate time to make any corrections to errors found in the application during the submission process by the due date.

It is critical that applicants follow the Research (R) Instructions (R&R) Application Guide except where instructed to do otherwise (in this FOA or in a Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts ). Conformance to all requirements (both in the Application Guide and the FOA) is required and strictly enforced.

Applicants must read and follow all application instructions in the Application Guide as well as any program-specific instructions noted in Section IV . When the program-specific instructions deviate from those in the Application Guide, follow the program-specific instructions. Applications that do not comply with these instructions will not be reviewed Part 1.

Overview Information Part 2. Full Text of the Announcement Section I. Funding Opportunity Description Section II.

Award Information Section III. Eligibility Information Section IV. Application and Submission Section V.

Application Review Information Section VI. Award Administration Information Section VII. Agency Contacts Section VIII.

Other Information Full Text of Announcement Section I. Funding Opportunity Description The NIH Research Education Program (R25) supports research educational activities that complement other formal training programs in the mission areas of the NIH Institutes and Centers.

The over-arching goals of the NIH R25 program are to: (1) complement and/or enhance the training of a workforce to meet the nation’s biomedical, behavioral and clinical research needs; (2) enhance the diversity of the biomedical, behavioral and clinical research workforce; (3) help recruit individuals with specific specialty or disciplinary backgrounds to research careers in biomedical, behavioral and clinical sciences; and (4) foster a better understanding of biomedical, behavioral and clinical research and its The over-arching goal of this NIA R25 program is to support educational activities that enhance the diversity of the biomedical, behavioral and clinical research workforce in Medicine, Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (MSTEM) as they relate to aging, through a focus on undergraduate experiences.

The activities may include structured research experiences or activities aimed at social cohesion such as science clubs, and may include a mix of enriched academic year programs and summer experiences.

NIA Interest in Diversity : Reducing health disparities among older adults will require multiple fresh approaches including (1) increased local, regional, and national literacy in science and health, and (2) increased inclusion of minorities in the health and medical research professions.

While it is clear that a researcher need not come from a minority or a disadvantaged background to contribute to the understanding and remediation of health disparities, it is reasonable to expect that such individuals as a group would possess particular motivation and persistence, as well as familiarity and insight into these problems.

Therefore, effective recruiting efforts should tap into this talent pool and include a focus on bringing scientists from underrepresented groups into biomedical The availability of the infrastructure and resources needed to support present and future research, and program management, is critical to the NIA mission.

NIA must provide resources to develop a skilled interdisciplinary research workforce and ensure that scientists have access to the technology and the equipment they need to perform the research. There are two objectives in this area: 2. 1.

1 Expand opportunities in research training and career development for, and provide research supplements to research investigators from, racial and ethnic minority and other health disparity populations. 2. 1.

2 Increase the number of researchers conducting health disparities research among older adults. on Undergraduates: Although students from underrepresented groups are entering college in increasing numbers, too many of these students find financial as well as cultural challenges there that limit participation in MSTEM fields (Perna et al. , 2009).

Similarly, many disengage from these fields because of perceived lack of relevance in their lives (Hurtado, Newman, Tran, and Chang, 2012). A paradox is that underrepresented students enrolled in the most selective institutions where a large proportion of NIH-funded research is conducted have a higher chance of dropping out of MSTEM fields than students at less selective institutions (Chang, Cerna, Han, and Saenz, 2008).

Factors that increased likelihood of pursuing a scientific career included a socialization to science through participation in a pre-professional or departmental club (Hurtado, Newman, Tran and Chang, 2012). Hurtado et al. (2008) report that structured research programs reinforce students' identification with science and help them overcome the barriers that blunt their initial STEM interest.

McGee, Saran and Krulwich (2012) emphasize the disparate educational backgrounds of underrepresented students entering college. They suggest that particular opportunities need to be designed for these students to allow them to engage their talents and interests fully.

The same course structure for everyone will disadvantage those from the most divergent NIA is seeking applications that offer (1) structured research experiences, (2) tailored learning opportunities, (3) an emphasis on explaining the relevance of aging and of the science of aging to students' lives, and (4) opportunities to engage fellow students with an interest in science in order to develop a cadre of graduates who will go on to research careers allowing them to diversify the research workforce on aging, enrich the questions asked, and expand the scope of interventions developed from the research.

The means to achieve this end may include structured research experiences, science clubs, or other targeted activities.

To accomplish the stated over-arching goal, this FOA will support creative educational activities with a primary focus on: Experiences: For example, for undergraduate students: to provide hands-on exposure to research in the MSTEM fields as they relate to aging, to reinforce their intent to graduate with a science degree, and to prepare them for graduate school admissions and/or careers in research where appropriate to the interests and abilities of the students.

Some experiences (e.g., a science club) may be planned for the academic year. Others may be designed as summer experiences. Programs should be planned that allow for sustained multi-year involvement from undergraduates.

or Methods Development: Particularly in the context of providing skills needed to pursue research. Such skills may include, for example, statistics, research methodology, experimental design, or the ethics of research. These may include mentor-guided learning experiences.

The goal is to increase the pool of students from diverse backgrounds with competence, and strong interest, in the fields of aging research. Planned research experiences and supporting activities should be directed at accomplishing that goal.

For new applications particularly the goal is likely to require the development of new Research education programs may complement ongoing research training and education occurring at the applicant institution, but the proposed educational experiences must be distinct from those training and education programs currently receiving Federal support.

R25 programs may augment institutional research training programs (e.g., T32, T90) but cannot be used to replace or circumvent Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) programs. Information for award authorities and regulations.

Section II. Award Information Grant: A support mechanism providing money, property, or both to an eligible entity to carry out an approved project or activity.

Application Types Allowed Glossary and the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide provide details on Clinical Trials Not Allowed for due dates on or after January 25, 2018: Only accepting applications that do not propose clinical trials Need help determining whether you are doing a clinical trial?

Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards The number of awards is contingent upon NIH appropriations and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications. Direct costs up to $350,000 per year may be requested. The scope of the proposed project should determine the project period.

The maximum period is five years. Individuals designing, directing, and implementing the research education program may request salary and fringe benefits appropriate for the person months devoted to the program. Salaries requested may not exceed the levels commensurate with the institution's policy for similar positions and may not exceed the congressionally mandated cap.

(If mentoring interactions and other activities with participants are considered a regular part of an individual's academic duties, then any costs associated with the mentoring and other interactions with participants are not allowable costs Participants may be paid if specifically required for the proposed research education program and sufficiently justified.

Participant costs must be itemized in the proposed budget Allowable participant costs depend on the educational level/career status of the individuals to be selected to participate in the program. While generally not an allowable cost, with strong justification, participants in the research education program may receive per diem unless such costs are furnished as part of the registration fee.

Participants may also receive funds to defray partial tuition and other education-related expenses. Per diem support is possible particularly for activities (e.g., making presentations) that are not normally part of degree reguirements in the students' program of study and may include periods of summer structured research experiences. Expenses for foreign travel must be exceptionally well justified.

Because the R25 program is not intended as a substitute for an NRSA institutional training program (e.g.,T32), costs to support full-time participants (supported for 40 hours/week for a continuous, 12-month period) Other Program-Related Expenses Consultant costs, equipment, supplies, travel for key persons, and other program-related expenses may be included in the proposed budget.

These expenses must be justified as specifically required by the proposed program and must not duplicate items generally available at the Indirect Costs (also known as Facilities & Administrative [F&A] Costs) are reimbursed at 8% of modified total direct costs (exclusive of tuition and fees and expenditures for equipment), rather than on the basis of a negotiated rate agreement.

Grants Policy Statement will apply to the applications submitted and awards made in response to this FOA.

Higher Education Institutions Public/State Controlled Institutions of Higher Education Private Institutions of Higher Education The following types of Higher Education Institutions are always encouraged to apply for NIH support as Public or Private Institutions of Higher Education: Hispanic-Serving Institutions Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs) Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Nonprofits Other Than Institutions of Higher Education Nonprofits with 501(c)(3) IRS Status (Other than Institutions of Nonprofits without 501(c)(3) IRS Status (Other than Institutions For-Profit Organizations (Other than Small Businesses) City or Township Governments Special District Governments Indian/Native American Tribal Governments (Federally Recognized) Indian/Native American Tribal Governments (Other than Federally Eligible Agencies of the Federal Government U.S. Territory or Possession Independent School Districts Public Housing Authorities/Indian Housing Authorities Native American Tribal Organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments) Faith-based or Community-based Organizations sponsoring institution must assure support for the proposed program.

Appropriate institutional commitment to the program includes the provision of adequate staff, facilities, and educational resources that can contribute to the planned Institutions with existing Ruth L.

Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) institutional training grants (e.g., T32) or other Federally funded training programs may apply for a research education grant provided that the proposed educational experiences are distinct from those training programs receiving federal support.

In many cases, it is anticipated that the proposed research education program will complement ongoing research training occurring at the applicant institution. Non-domestic (non-U.S.) Entities (Foreign Institutions) are Non-domestic (non-U.S.) components of U.S. Organizations are not eligible Foreign components, as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement , are not allowed.

Applicant organizations must complete and maintain the following registrations as described in the SF 424 (R&R) Application Guide to be eligible to apply for or receive an award. All registrations must be completed prior to the application being submitted.

Registration can take 6 weeks or more, so applicants should begin the registration process as soon as Policy on Late Submission of Grant Applications states that failure to complete registrations in advance of a due date is not a valid reason for a Universal Numbering System (DUNS) - All registrations require that applicants be issued a DUNS number.

After obtaining a DUNS number, applicants can begin both SAM and eRA Commons registrations. The same DUNS number must be used for all registrations, as well as on the grant application. System for Award Management (SAM) (formerly CCR) Applicants must complete and maintain an active registration, which requires renewal at least annually .

The renewal process may require as much time as the initial registration. SAM registration includes the assignment of a Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE) Code for domestic organizations which have not already been assigned a CAGE Code. Commercial and Government Entity (NCAGE) Code Foreign organizations must obtain an NCAGE code (in lieu of a CAGE code) in order to register in SAM.

must have an active DUNS number and SAM registration in order to complete the eRA Commons registration. Organizations can register with the eRA Commons as they are working through their SAM or Grants. gov registration.

eRA Commons requires organizations to identify at least one Signing Official (SO) and at least one Program Director/Principal Investigator (PD/PI) account in order to must have an active DUNS number and SAM registration in order to complete the Directors/Principal Investigators (PD(s)/PI(s)) All PD(s)/PI(s) must have an eRA Commons account.

PD(s)/PI(s) should work with their organizational officials to either create a new account or to affiliate their existing account with the applicant organization in eRA Commons. If the PD/PI is also the organizational Signing Official, they must have two distinct eRA Commons accounts, one for each role. Obtaining an eRA Commons account can take up to 2 weeks.

Eligible Individuals (Program Director/Principal Any individual(s) with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research as the Program Director(s)/Principal Investigator(s) (PD(s)/PI(s)) is invited to work with his/her organization to develop an application for support.

Individuals from diverse backgrounds, including underrepresented racial and ethnic groups, individuals with disabilities, and women are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. For institutions/organizations proposing multiple PDs/PIs, visit the Multiple Program Director/Principal Investigator Policy and submission details in the Senior/Key Person Profile (Expanded) Component of the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide.

The PD/PI should be an established investigator in the scientific area in which the application is targeted and capable of providing both administrative and scientific leadership to the development and implementation of the proposed program. The PD/PI will be expected to monitor and assess the program and submit all documents and reports as required. This FOA does not require cost sharing as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement .

3. Additional Information on Eligibility Applicant organizations may submit more than one application, provided that each application is scientifically distinct. The NIH will not accept duplicate or highly overlapping applications under review at the same time.

This means that the NIH will A new (A0) application that is submitted before issuance of the summary statement from the review of an overlapping new (A0) or resubmission A resubmission (A1) application that is submitted before issuance of the summary statement from the review of the previous new (A0) application.

An application that has substantial overlap with another application pending appeal of initial peer review (see NOT-OD-11-101 ). Researchers from diverse backgrounds, including racial and ethnic minorities, persons with disabilities, and women are encouraged to participate as preceptors/mentors. Mentors should have research expertise and experience relevant to the proposed program.

Mentors must be committed to continue their involvement throughout the total period of the mentee s participation in this award. Unless strongly justified on the basis of exceptional relevance to NIH, research education programs should be used primarily for the education of U.S. citizens and permanent residents.

The overarching focus of this program is to increase diversity in the research workforce on aging, therefore, individuals from Category A, B and C are eligible to apply for support: A. Individuals from racial and ethnic groups that have been shown by the National Science Foundation to be underrepresented in health-related sciences on a national basis (see data at http://www. nsf.

gov/statistics/showpub. cfm? TopID=2&SubID=27 ) Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering ).

The following racial and ethnic groups have been shown to be underrepresented in biomedical research: Blacks or African Americans, Hispanics or Latinos, American Indians or Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders. For more information on racial and ethnic categories and definitions, see NOT-OD-15-089 . B.

Individuals with disabilities, who are defined as those with a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, as described in the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended . See NSF data at, http://www. nsf.

gov/statistics/wmpd/2013/pdf/tab7-5_updated_2014_10. pdf . C.

Individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds, defined as: 1. Individuals who come from a family with an annual income below established low-income thresholds. These thresholds are based on family size, published by the U.S. Bureau of the Census; adjusted annually for changes in the Consumer Price Index; and adjusted by the Secretary for use in all health professions programs.

The Secretary periodically publishes these income levels at http://aspe. hhs. gov/poverty/index.

shtml . 2. Individuals who come from an educational environment such as that found in certain rural or inner-city environments that has demonstrably and directly inhibited the individual from obtaining the knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary to develop and participate in a research career.

The disadvantaged background category (C1 and C2) refers to the financial and educational status of individuals while residing in the United States, and is only applicable to programs focused on high school and undergraduate candidates (the target population for this program).

Students both from the institution submitting the application and any institution with which that institutions partners for the purpose of this program may be considered eligible for the program. and Submission Information 1. Requesting an Application Buttons to access the online ASSIST system or to download application forms are available in Part 1 of this FOA.

See your administrative office for instructions if you plan to use an institutional system-to-system solution. 2. Content and Form of Application Submission It is critical that applicants follow the Research (R) Instructions (R&R) Application Guide , including Supplemental Grant Application Instructions except where instructed in this funding opportunity announcement to do otherwise.

Conformance to the requirements in the Application Guide is required and strictly enforced. Applications that are out of compliance with these instructions will not be reviewed.

For information on Application Submission and Receipt, visit Frequently Asked Questions Application Guide, Electronic Submission of Grant Although a letter of intent is not required, is not binding, and does not enter into the review of a subsequent application, the information that it contains allows IC staff to estimate the potential review workload and By the date listed in Part 1.

Overview Information , prospective applicants are asked to submit a letter of intent that includes the following information: Descriptive title of proposed activity Name(s), address(es), and telephone number(s) of the PD(s)/PI(s) Names of other key personnel Participating institution(s) Number and title of this funding opportunity The letter of intent should be sent to: National Institute on Aging (NIA) All page limitations described in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide and the Table of Page Limits must be followed.

for Application Submission The following section supplements the instructions found in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide and should be used for preparing an Follow all instructions provided in the SF424 (R&R) SF424(R&R) Project/Performance Site Locations Follow all instructions provided in the SF424 (R&R) SF424 (R&R) Other Project Information Component Follow all instructions provided in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide with the following additional modifications: & Other Resources.

Describe the educational environment, including the facilities, laboratories, participating departments, computer services, and any other resources to be used in the development and implementation of the proposed program. List all thematically related sources of support for research training and education following the format for Current Other Attachments.

An Advisory Committee is not a required component of a Research Education program. However, if an Advisory Committee is intended, provide a plan for the appointment of an Advisory Committee to monitor progress of the research education program. The composition, roles, responsibilities, and desired expertise of committee members, frequency of committee meetings, and other relevant information should be included.

Describe how the Advisory Committee will evaluate the overall effectiveness of the program. Proposed Advisory Committee members should be named in the application if they have been invited to participate at the time the application is submitted. Renewal applications with Advisory Committees should include the names of all committee members during the past project period.

Please name your file Advisory_Committee.

pdf The filename provided for each Other Attachment will be the name used for the bookmark in the electronic application in eRA SF424(R&R) Senior/Key Person Profile Expanded Follow all instructions provided in the SF424 (R&R) Follow all instructions provided in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide with the following additional modifications: Include all personnel other than the PD(s)/PI(s) in the Other Personnel section, including clerical and administrative staff.

Use the section on Participant/Trainee Support Costs to include all allowable categories of funds requested to support participants in the Follow all instructions provided in the SF424 (R&R) PHS 398 Research Plan Component All instructions in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide must be followed, with the following additional instructions: The Research Strategy section must be used to upload the Research Education Program Plan , which must include the following components described below: Proposed Research Education Program Program Director/Principal Investigator Institutional Environment and Commitment Diversity Recruitment Plan Plan for Instruction in the Responsible Conduct of Research Research Education Program Plan Research Education Program.

While the proposed research education program may complement ongoing research training and education occurring at the applicant institution, the proposed educational experiences must be distinct from those research training and research education programs currently receiving federal support.

When research training programs are on-going in the same department, the applicant organization should clearly distinguish between the activities in the proposed research education program and the research training supported by the training program.

The program should center on research experiences for undergraduates with associated mentoring, coursework as appropriate, and activities designed to socialize undergraduates to a research career in the science of aging. Director/Principal Investigator. Describe arrangements for administration of the program.

Provide evidence that the Program Director/Principal Investigator is actively engaged in research and/or teaching in an area related to the mission of NIH, and can organize, administer, monitor, and evaluate the research education program. For programs proposing multiple PDs/PIs, describe the complementary and integrated expertise of the PDs/PIs; their leadership approach, and governance appropriate for the planned Faculty.

Researchers from diverse backgrounds, including racial and ethnic minorities, persons with disabilities, and women are encouraged to participate as program faculty. Faculty should have research expertise and experience relevant to the proposed program and demonstrate a history of, or the potential for, their intended roles. Participants.

Applications must describe the intended participants, and the eligibility criteria and/or specific educational background characteristics that are essential for participation in the proposed research education program. Identify the career levels for which the proposed program is planned. Describe the steps to be taken to engage and retain students from diverse backgrounds.

Particularly identify how the program will be distributed among undergraduate years (freshman through senior). Environment and Commitment. Describe the institutional environment, reiterating the availability of facilities and educational resources (described separately under Facilities & Other Resources ), that can contribute to the planned Research Education Program.

Evidence of institutional commitment to the research educational program is required. A letter of institutional commitment must be attached as part of Letters of Support (see below). Appropriate institutional commitment should include the provision of adequate staff, facilities, and educational resources that can contribute to the planned research education program.

for Instruction in the Responsible Conduct of Research. All applications must include a plan to fulfill NIH requirements for instruction in the Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR).

The plan must address the five, required instructional components outlined in the NIH policy: 1) Format - the required format of instruction, i.e., face-to-face lectures, coursework, and/or real-time discussion groups (a plan with only on-line instruction is not Matter - the breadth of subject matter, e.g., conflict of interest, authorship, data management, human subjects and animal use, laboratory safety, research misconduct, research ethics; 3) Faculty Participation - the role of the program faculty in the instruction; 4) Duration of Instruction - the number of contact hours of instruction, taking into consideration the duration of the program; and 5) Frequency of Instruction instruction must occur during each career stage and at least once every four years.

See also NOT-OD-10-019 . The plan should be appropriate and reasonable for the nature and duration of the proposed program. Renewal (Type 2) applications must, in addition, describe any changes in formal instruction over the past project period and plans to address any weaknesses in the current instruction plan.

All participating faculty who served as course directors, speakers, lecturers, and/or discussion leaders during the past project period must be named in the application. Applications lacking a plan for instruction in responsible conduct of research will Plan. Applications must include a plan for evaluating the activities supported by the award.

The application must specify baseline metrics (e.g., numbers, educational levels, and demographic characteristics of participants), as well as measures to gauge the short or long-term success of the research education award in achieving its objectives. Wherever appropriate, applicants are encouraged to obtain feedback from participants to help identify weaknesses and to provide suggestions for improvements.

A letter of institutional commitment must be attached as part of Letters of Support (see section above: Institutional Environment and Individuals are required to comply with the instructions for the Resource Sharing Plans as provided in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide, with the following Guide, with the following modification: When relevant, applications are expected to include a software dissemination plan if support for development, maintenance, or enhancement of software is requested in the application.

There is no prescribed single license for software produced. However, the software dissemination plan should address, as appropriate, the following goals: Software source code should be freely available to biomedical researchers and educators in the non-profit sector, such as institutions of education, research institutions, and government laboratories.

Users should be permitted to modify the code and share their modifications with others. The terms of software availability should permit the commercialization of enhanced or customized versions of the software, or incorporation of the software or pieces of it into other software packages.

To preserve utility to the community, the software should be transferable such that another individual or team can continue development in the event that the original investigators are unwilling or unable to do so. Do not use the Appendix to circumvent page limits.

Follow all instructions for the Appendix as described in the SF424 (R&R) PHS Inclusion Enrollment Report Form only available in FORMS-D application packages for use with due dates on or before January 24, 2018.

When conducting clinical research, follow all instructions for completing PHS Inclusion Enrollment Report as described in the SF424 PHS Human Subjects and Clinical Trials Information Form only available in FORMS-E application packages for use with due dates on or after January 25, 2018.

When involving NIH-defined human subjects research, clinical research, and/or clinical trials follow all instructions for the PHS Human Subjects and Clinical Trials Information form in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide, with the following additional instructions: If you answered "Yes" to the question "Are Human Subjects Involved?" on the R&R Other Project Information form, you must include at least one