NSF Large Language Models Research Program

NSF Large Language Models Research Program is sponsored by National Science Foundation (NSF). Supports research into large language models, including their development, applications, and societal impacts.

Artificial Intelligence | NSF - U.S. National Science Foundation View image credit & caption The U.S. National Science Foundation has invested in artificial intelligence research since the early 1960s, setting the technical and conceptual foundations driving today's AI innovations.

AI-driven discoveries and technologies are transforming Americans' daily lives and promising practical solutions to global challenges, from food production and supply chains to healthcare and education.

As a major federal funder of AI research, NSF is making investments that will catalyze new discoveries, translate this knowledge into the hands of the American enterprise and build the workforce needed to drive U.S. global leadership and economic competitiveness. What is the future of AI? In this eight-minute video, learn about AI and its potential applications.

With investments of over $700 million each year, NSF is: Fostering the next generation of breakthroughs We invest in fundamental AI research, accelerate AI-powered discovery across all fields of science and engineering and deepen the understanding of economic and societal implications of widespread AI adoption.

Translating AI research to impact We expand pathways to transition AI innovations into practice and power regional innovation and economic development. Empowering AI innovation through research infrastructure We provide the research community with access to integrated computational, data and software resources with hands-on support and training. Learn about the National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource Pilot .

Building a world-class workforce for the AI era We invest in the creation of educational tools, materials, curricula, scholarships and fellowships to enhance learning and create an AI-ready workforce. Learn more about AI workforce development .

Forging partnerships to accelerate progress We partner with other federal agencies, industry and nonprofits to leverage expertise; identify use cases; and improve access to data, tools and other resources.

Advancing Research at the Intersection of Biology and Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML) Encourages proposals that advance biological research through use of Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) or through development of AI/ML methods using biological data and systems.

The NSF TechAccess: AI-Ready America (NSF AI-Ready America) initiative is a nationwide effort to boost artificial intelligence readiness in every U.S. state and territory. NSF AI-Ready America envisions a future where every individual, community and business in the U.S. thrives in an AI-driven economy.

America's Seed Fund (SBIR/STTR) Supports startups and small businesses to translate research into products and services, including AI systems and AI-based hardware , for the public good.

Artificial Intelligence, Formal Methods and Mathematical Reasoning Supports research at the interface of innovative computational and AI technologies and new strategies/technologies in mathematical reasoning to guide and enhance research in the mathematical sciences, formal methods and AI.

Computer and Information Science and Engineering: Core Programs Supports foundational and use-inspired research in AI, data science and human-computer interaction — including human language technologies, computer vision, human-AI interaction, and theory of machine learning.

Cyber-Physical System Foundations and Connected Communities Supports foundational and community-driven research that integrates computation, physical systems and human interaction to create reliable, resilient cyber-physical systems that enhance quality of life and community well-being.

Energy, Power, Control, and Learning Supports research on control and learning theories and methods, as well as the design and analysis of complex engineered systems, to enhance the operation, performance, and reliability of systems for power, energy, and other national needs.

Expanding AI Career and Skilled Technical Workforce Opportunities in Support of High School Students DCL Invites supplemental funding requests from current ExLENT and ATE awardees for education-industry collaboration supporting AI-focused career and skill building learning opportunities for high school students.

Expanding K-12 Resources for AI Education DCL Invites supplemental funding requests to current NSF awardees in certain NSF directorates to support the expansion of K-12 resources for AI education.

Foundations for Operating the National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource: the NAIRR Operations Center Will establish a community-based organization coordinate activities in support of an integrated national infrastructure for AI research and education.

Foundations for Digital Twins as Catalyzers of Biomedical Technological Innovation Supports interdisciplinary research projects that explore the mathematical and engineering foundations behind the development and use of digital twins in biomedical and healthcare applications.

Integrated Data Systems & Services Supports national-scale data infrastructure that powers open, data-intensive and AI-driven research and education by funding the development, expansion and planning of integrated systems and services for the scientific community.

Intelligent and Interactive Dynamic Systems Supports fundamental research to advance the science and engineering of intelligent dynamic systems, including engineered systems that interact with people.

Mathematical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence Supports research collaborations between mathematicians, statisticians, computer scientists, engineers and social behavior scientists to establish innovative and principled design and analysis approaches for AI technology.

Smart Health and Biomedical Research in the Era of Artificial Intelligence Supports the development of new methods that intuitively and intelligently collect, sense, connect, analyze and interpret data from individuals, devices and systems.

Explore more funding in AI Materials science: The stuff of the modern world NSF launches three new Science and Technology Centers with $90M investment in transformative research Podcast: Educator wins Presidential AI Challenge NSF's decades of sustained investments have ensured the continual advancement of AI research.

Pioneering work supported by NSF includes: Which improves the conversational ability of chatbots and trains self-driving cars, among other uses. Which enable computer understanding of human speech and the analysis of visual scenes . Which has led to the development of virtual teachers (both digital and robotic) that incorporate speech, gesture, gaze and facial expression.

Which power generative AI systems like ChatGPT. Which fuels content recommendation on the world's largest marketplaces and content platforms, from Amazon to Netflix. Which facilitated the development of AlphaFold2, an AI tool that predicts protein shapes — accelerating medical breakthroughs and leading to a Nobel Prize for its inventors.

How NSF helped build the foundations of AI Expanding the Frontiers of AI: Fact Sheet Learn how NSF is driving cutting-edge research on AI. AI Impacts from Investments: Fact Sheet An overview of NSF's history of investments in artificial intelligence and how those investments fueled the innovative technologies we use today.

Implementation Plan for a National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource This final report of the NAIRR Task Force presents a roadmap and implementation plan for a national cyberinfrastructure. Explore opportunities for researchers, educators and students, including AI-ready datasets, pre-trained models and other NAIRR pilot resources.

National Artificial Intelligence Initiative A coordinated federal approach to accelerate AI research and the integration of AI systems across all sectors of the economy and society. Allows the research and education community to access cloud computing platforms. One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence A study focused on understanding and anticipating how AI will ripple through every aspect of how people work, live and play.