Petrology and Geochemistry Program

Petrology and Geochemistry Program is sponsored by NSF Directorate for Geosciences (GEO), Division of Earth Sciences (EAR). This program supports basic research on the formation and evolution of Earth's chemical composition. Proposals that bridge disciplinary boundaries or include the development of analytical tools are encouraged.

NSF 22-560: Petrology and Geochemistry (CH) | NSF - U.S. National Science Foundation Archived funding opportunity This solicitation is archived. Important information for proposers and award recipients All proposals must be submitted in accordance with the requirements specified in the funding opportunity and in the Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG) and its supplements .

All NSF grants and cooperative agreements are subject to the applicable set of NSF award terms and conditions . NSF has updated its research security policies for NSF funded projects. NSF 22-560: Petrology and Geochemistry (CH) Download the solicitation (PDF, 0.

8mb) National Science Foundation Directorate for Geosciences Division of Earth Sciences Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p. m. submitter's local time): Proposals Accepted Anytime Important Information And Revision Notes This solicitation clarifies data management requirements and reminds PIs that Broader Impacts activities should be specifically addressed in annual and final reports.

This solicitation clarifies requirements for proposals to work in foreign countries, or on Native/Tribal/Indigenous lands. This solicitation allows for the inclusion of Student Mentoring Plans in the Supplementary Documents. Innovating and migrating proposal preparation and submission capabilities from FastLane to Research.

gov is part of the ongoing NSF information technology modernization efforts, as described in Important Notice No. 147 . In support of these efforts, research proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation must be prepared and submitted via Research. gov or via Grants.

gov, and may not be prepared or submitted via FastLane. Any proposal submitted in response to this solicitation should be submitted in accordance with the NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG).

Summary Of Program Requirements Petrology and Geochemistry (CH) The Petrology and Geochemistry Program supports basic research on the formation of planet Earth, including its accretion, early differentiation, and subsequent petrologic and geochemical modification via igneous and metamorphic processes.

Proposals in this program generally address the petrology and high-temperature geochemistry of igneous and metamorphic rocks and minerals (including mantle samples), mineral physics, economic geology, and volcanology.

Proposals that are focused on the development of analytical tools, theoretical and computational models, and experimental techniques for applications by the igneous and metamorphic petrology, and high temperature geochemistry and geochronology communities are also invited.

The program supports a wide range of Broader Impacts activities, including (but not limited to) infrastructure enhancement, partnerships with industry, and evidence-based practices that recruit and specifically retain individuals who historically have not been included in the geosciences. Cognizant Program Officer(s): Please note that the following information is current at the time of publishing.

See program website for any updates to the points of contact. Jennifer Wade, telephone: (703) 292-4739, email: jwade@nsf. gov Rachel Teasdale, telephone: (703) 292-8550, email: rteasdal@nsf.

gov Applicable Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) Number(s): Anticipated Type of Award: Standard Grant or Continuing Grant Estimated Number of Awards: 40 to 60 annually Anticipated Funding Amount: $16,000,000 annually, pending availability of funds Who May Submit Proposals: Proposals may only be submitted by the following: Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) - Two- and four-year IHEs (including community colleges) accredited in, and having a campus located in the US, acting on behalf of their faculty members.

Special Instructions for International Branch Campuses of US IHEs: If the proposal includes funding to be provided to an international branch campus of a US institution of higher education (including through use of subawards and consultant arrangements), the proposer must explain the benefit(s) to the project of performance at the international branch campus, and justify why the project activities cannot be performed at the US campus.

Non-profit, non-academic organizations: Independent museums, observatories, research labs, professional societies and similar organizations in the U.S. associated with educational or research activities. Other Federal Agencies and Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs): Contact the appropriate program before preparing a proposal for submission. There are no restrictions or limits.

Limit on Number of Proposals per Organization: There are no restrictions or limits. Limit on Number of Proposals per PI or co-PI: 3 Only three proposals per investigator, either as a PI, co-PI or in a subaward, are allowed per year in the CH program. Proposal Preparation and Submission Instructions A.

Proposal Preparation Instructions Letters of Intent: Not required Preliminary Proposal Submission: Not required Full Proposals submitted via Research. gov: NSF Proposal and Award Policies and Procedures Guide (PAPPG) guidelines apply. The complete text of the PAPPG is available electronically on the NSF website at: https://www.

nsf. gov/publications/pub_summ. jsp?

ods_key=pappg . Full Proposals submitted via Grants. gov: NSF Grants.

gov Application Guide: A Guide for the Preparation and Submission of NSF Applications via Grants. gov guidelines apply (Note: The NSF Grants. gov Application Guide is available on the Grants.

gov website and on the NSF website at: https://www. nsf. gov/publications/pub_summ.

jsp? ods_key=grantsgovguide ). Cost Sharing Requirements: Inclusion of voluntary committed cost sharing is prohibited.

Indirect Cost (F&A) Limitations: Other Budgetary Limitations: Other budgetary limitations apply. Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information. Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p.

m. submitter's local time): Proposals Accepted Anytime Proposal Review Information Criteria National Science Board approved criteria apply. Award Administration Information Additional award conditions apply.

Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information. Additional reporting requirements apply. Please see the full text of this solicitation for further information.

The Petrology and Geochemistry Program is a program of the Division of Earth Sciences (EAR). EAR provides funding for fundamental research to advance understanding of the solid Earth and its surface environment. EAR supports investigations of the Earth's structure, composition, evolution, and the interaction of the lithosphere with the Earth's biosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere.

In addition, EAR provides support for instrumental and observational infrastructure, cyber infrastructure, and innovative educational and outreach activities. Projects may employ any combination of field, laboratory, and computational studies with observational, theoretical, or experimental approaches.

Support is available for research and research infrastructure through grants awarded in response to investigator-initiated proposals from U.S. universities and other eligible organizations. EAR will consider co-funding of projects with other agencies and supports international activities and collaborations with international partners.

The Petrology and Geochemistry program supports basic research on Earth's history of planetary accretion and differentiation through time via igneous and metamorphic processes occurring at high temperatures and pressures, at a variety of scales operating in the Earth's crust, mantle, and core.

This program also supports projects that study: 1) chemical properties of natural minerals, fluids, and melts at high pressures and temperatures; 2) formation of magmas at depth, their physical and chemical properties, their transport to/interactions with the surface, and eruption dynamics; 3) chemical reactions and diffusion in the lower crust and mantle; 4) linkages between volcanic and plutonic systems, and time residence of minerals in magmatic systems; 5) geochemical models for the bulk Earth and development of geochemical reservoirs; 6) formation, distribution and cycling of critical element and/or ore deposits; 7) modern and ancient volcanic activity.

The CH program is open to a variety of scientific ideas. If a PI is unclear about the relevance of a proposal topic to this program, s/he should contact one of the CH Program Directors. Projects supported through this program employ analytical methods such as major and trace element geochemistry; stable and radiogenic isotope geochemistry and geochronology.

This program also supports experimental studies on the chemical properties of minerals and rocks at high temperatures, laboratory experiments on volcanic systems; thermodynamic modeling of high temperature geochemical and mineral-forming processes; spectroscopy and crystallography of high pressure and temperature phases; physical and chemical volcanology.

Proposals to study meteorites and other extra-terrestrial materials are considered only if the work is applicable to understanding processes that led to the formation and evolution of Planet Earth.

Analytical method development for applications in high temperature geochemistry, and disciplinary-focused or research-based informatics proposals may be considered by this program or co-reviewed with other programs in EAR or GEO (Directorate of Geosciences) or other directorates in NSF (e.g., the Directorate for Engineering).

Regarding terrestrial vs. marine samples: Proposals that use volcanic samples and xenoliths from continental environments and from islands above the waterline that target a broader understanding of the composition of the mantle and evolution of igneous rocks are considered primarily by the CH program.

Proposals in solid earth petrology and high temperature geochemistry that use a combination of samples from the below and above the waterline may be considered jointly with the Marine Geology and Geophysics program (MGG - in the Division of Ocean Sciences).

The CH program also co-reviews many proposals with the Geophysics program in the areas of high pressure mineral physics, and in the application of geophysical methods to understand volcanic systems. As per the PAPPG, proposals that are not viewed as appropriate for the program will be transferred to another program across NSF, when it is deemed appropriate by Program Directors from the respective programs.

Principal Investigators are encouraged to contact the cognizant Program Directors regarding proposals that may cross disciplinary boundaries before submission. A broad portfolio of Broader Impacts activities is supported by the program, as described below in Section VI. A.

Successful projects will include creative, well-integrated, and effective broader impacts activities developed within the context of the mission, goals, and resources of the organizations and people involved. The expertise of collaborators, the proposal budget, and budget justification should reflect this integration.

Example activities might include but are not limited to those that create effective methods of engagement with local communities or the public at large; develop infrastructure in the lab or the field; translate research to benefit broader societal needs; involve early career researchers and students with diverse experiences and backgrounds; or foster new partnerships (e.g., with Minority Serving Institutions, two-year colleges, or internationally).

We welcome innovative efforts that advance belonging, accessibility, justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion or identifying and removing barriers to full participation that have historically excluded some groups from the geosciences.

The Petrology and Geochemistry Program is committed to supporting the most meritorious research in any relevant area, including interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research, as well as studies that involve international collaborations and partnerships. The Program is especially interested in proposals in emerging fields, and those that are responsive to recent reports from the community.

Proposals for community workshops that can guide the program on new research topics and grand challenge questions are encouraged. All proposals for Rapid Response Research (RAPID) and Early-concept Grants for Exploratory Research (EaGER) awards, as described in the PAPPG, must be discussed with one of the Program Directors before submission.

Examples of projects supported by the program can be found using the NSF Award Search engine by entering Element Code 1573. Anticipated funding is $16,000,000 annually. The estimated number of awards is 40 to 60 standard or continuing grants per year.

When possible, award decisions are made within 6 months. Some are held for longer periods if there is budget uncertainty for the fiscal year. Estimated program budget, number of awards and average award size/duration are subject to the availability of funds.

IV. Eligibility Information Who May Submit Proposals: Proposals may only be submitted by the following: Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) - Two- and four-year IHEs (including community colleges) accredited in, and having a campus located in the US, acting on behalf of their faculty members.

Special Instructions for International Branch Campuses of US IHEs: If the proposal includes funding to be provided to an international branch campus of a US institution of higher education (including through use of subawards and consultant arrangements), the proposer must explain the benefit(s) to the project of performance at the international branch campus, and justify why the project activities cannot be performed at the US campus.

Non-profit, non-academic organizations: Independent museums, observatories, research labs, professional societies and similar organizations in the U.S. associated with educational or research activities. Other Federal Agencies and Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs): Contact the appropriate program before preparing a proposal for submission. There are no restrictions or limits.

Limit on Number of Proposals per Organization: There are no restrictions or limits. Limit on Number of Proposals per PI or co-PI: 3 Only three proposals per investigator, either as a PI, co-PI or in a subaward, are allowed per year in the CH program. V.

Proposal Preparation And Submission Instructions A. Proposal Preparation Instructions Full Proposal Preparation Instructions : Proposers may opt to submit proposals in response to this Program Solicitation via Research. gov or Grants.

gov. Full Proposals submitted via Research. gov: Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation should be prepared and submitted in accordance with the general guidelines contained in the NSF Proposal and Award Policies and Procedures Guide (PAPPG). The complete text of the PAPPG is available electronically on the NSF website at: https://www.

nsf. gov/publications/pub_summ. jsp?

ods_key=pappg . Paper copies of the PAPPG may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-8134 or by e-mail from nsfpubs@nsf. gov .

The Prepare New Proposal setup will prompt you for the program solicitation number. Full proposals submitted via Grants. gov: Proposals submitted in response to this program solicitation via Grants.

gov should be prepared and submitted in accordance with the NSF Grants. gov Application Guide: A Guide for the Preparation and Submission of NSF Applications via Grants. gov .

The complete text of the NSF Grants. gov Application Guide is available on the Grants. gov website and on the NSF website at: ( https://www.

nsf. gov/publications/pub_summ. jsp?

ods_key=grantsgovguide ). To obtain copies of the Application Guide and Application Forms Package, click on the Apply tab on the Grants. gov site, then click on the Apply Step 1: Download a Grant Application Package and Application Instructions link and enter the funding opportunity number, (the program solicitation number without the NSF prefix) and press the Download Package button.

Paper copies of the Grants. gov Application Guide also may be obtained from the NSF Publications Clearinghouse, telephone (703) 292-8134 or by e-mail from nsfpubs@nsf. gov .

In determining which method to utilize in the electronic preparation and submission of the proposal, please note the following: Collaborative Proposals. All collaborative proposals submitted as separate submissions from multiple organizations must be submitted via Research. gov. PAPPG Chapter II.

D. 3 provides additional information on collaborative proposals. See PAPPG Chapter II.

C. 2 for guidance on the required sections of a full research proposal submitted to NSF. Please note that the proposal preparation instructions provided in this program solicitation may deviate from the PAPPG instructions.

The following instructions supplement the PAPPG and the NSF Grants. gov Application Guide: Please note that Research. gov currently can only accept one file for Other Supplementary Documents.

If submitting via Research. gov, please combine all documents designated as Other Supplementary Documents into one PDF. EAR Data Policy: Principal investigators (PIs) are required to adhere to the EAR Division Data Sharing Policy available on the NSF website.

With the goal of making EAR-supported data products findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR), key considerations for compliance with the EAR Division Data Sharing Policy include the following: EAR's definition of "data" is expansive and includes (but is not limited to) the following: full data sets, derived data products (e.g., model results, output, and workflows), software, and physical collections.

The proposal Data Management Plan (DMP) should clearly describe what data will be collected, what analyses will be done, when data collection is considered "final," and how and when the project will provide open and timely access to data during and after the project. PIs are strongly encouraged to identify long-lived disciplinary repositories most appropriate for the data types to be collected.

Student Mentoring Plans : Proposals that request funding to support undergraduate and/or graduate students at any participating institution may include a mentoring plan that is no more than a single page and describes recruitment, training and/or other activities to be provided to the students and the mentors. Student mentoring plans may be uploaded as Other Supplementary Documents.

Field projects : Field projects must include, in the Project Description, the protocol that will be undertaken to ensure the safety of the field party, especially students and others who are inexperienced in working under conditions that can be, at times, uncomfortable, unfamiliar, or threatening.

Field protocols are particularly important for projects that involve hazardous conditions, such as working on active volcanoes, active geothermal systems or in some international settings (as identified by a U.S. State Department Travel Advisory).

Projects requiring access to restricted sites or resources : Projects that require access to areas that have regulated or restricted entry, or require restricted data or samples, must include a letter of collaboration from the authority that controls access, samples, or data. Also, the treatment of such data and samples must be discussed in the Data Management Plan.

Projects involving work on sovereign Native/Tribal/Indigenous lands : Proposals that include research in Native/Tribal communities or on Tribal lands must attach a letter or email as an Other Supplementary Document that confirms community collaboration, or at a minimum community awareness, and permission to work on associated lands from the relevant community organizations or tribal leadership (see the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Tribal Directory Assessment tool or the National Congress of American Indians tribal directory ) as a Supplementary Document.

Collaborations should be well justified, in that they represent true intellectual collaboration and utilize the expertise and specialized skills, facilities, and/or resources of the community.

Prior to making a funding decision, additional steps may be required as part of NSF's compliance with applicable federal environmental authorities such as the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), and the Endangered Species Act (ESA). In order to support NSF's federal environmental review and compliance obligations, additional information may be requested from the PI.

More information can be found in the PAPPG, and the Organization Environmental Impacts Checklist (referenced in PAPPG Chapter II. D. 2.

j) may be helpful in evaluating impacts. Where relevant, arrangements to allocate and share samples and data with the relevant communities should be discussed in the Project Description or in the Data Management plan, following FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) and CARE (Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics) Principles for Indigenous Data Governance.

Investigators should request sufficient funding to support the time and travel of Native community members and treat their collaborators as members of their research team, including acknowledging collaborators in publications and including them as co-authors and in research presentations, as appropriate.

Projects involving work in foreign countries : For studies in countries other than the United States, the Project Description should discuss, where appropriate, collaborations with scientists and students from the host country, and how these individuals will be involved in the project.

Collaborations should be well justified, in that they represent true intellectual collaboration and utilize the expertise and specialized skills, facilities, and/or resources of the foreign collaborator. Letters of collaboration must be included in the Other Supplementary Documents section of the proposal.

These letters should include a discussion of the role of the collaborator in the project and the resources the collaborating foreign institution/organization will provide to the project. Principal investigators are encouraged to provide U.S. students and junior researchers with international research experiences. An important provision of the PAPPG (Chapter II.

D. 8) states "Some governments require nonresidents to obtain official approval to carry out investigations within their borders and coastal waters under their jurisdiction. PIs are responsible for obtaining the required authorizations.

Advance coordination should minimize disruption of the research." Failure to obtain the appropriate permits for all aspects of the research effort may jeopardize not only the proposed research, but also the well-being of the personnel.

Where relevant, arrangements to allocate samples and data between host country organization(s) or institution(s) and U.S. organization(s) or institution(s) should be discussed in the proposal or in the Data Management plan.

Investigators are encouraged to include any such permits (including legally required collecting, import, and export permits for samples, instrumentation, and data), authorizations, and agreements, in the Other Supplementary Documents section of the proposal.

Regarding Letters of Collaboration : According to PAPPG, letters of collaboration should be limited to stating the intent to collaborate and should not contain endorsements or evaluation of the proposed project.

The recommended format for letters of collaboration is as follows: "If the proposal submitted by Dr. [insert the full name of the Principal Investigator] entitled [insert the proposal title] is selected for funding by NSF, it is my intent to collaborate and/or commit resources as detailed in the Project Description or the Facilities, Equipment and Other Resources section of the proposal."

For the purposes of this solicitation, we will allow these letters to be expanded to a maximum of one page, if the content expands on capabilities of laboratories, samples to be exchanged, or other details critical to the evaluation of the proposal.

Regarding RAPIDs : RAPID proposals to this program must include a plan for providing data and samples to the community in an efficient manner, as close to the time of collection as is practicable. Inclusion of voluntary committed cost sharing is prohibited.

Other Budgetary Limitations: Equipment needs that can be demonstrably linked to the conduct of a specific research project being proposed to EAR may be included within the budget of the related research proposal. In general, equipment requests on proposals submitted to EAR research programs should not exceed a total of $50,000.

Equipment requests in excess of $50,000 usually require a separate proposal directly to the Instrumentation and Facilities Program. Investigators planning on submitting a Petrology and Geochemistry (CH) research proposal with an equipment budget above $50,000 must discuss these plans with a CH Program Director prior to submission.

Equipment requests of less than $50,000 that are unassociated with specific research proposals must be submitted to the Instrumentation and Facilities Program. Full Proposal Deadline(s) (due by 5 p. m.

submitter's local time): Proposals Accepted Anytime D. Research. gov/Grants.

gov Requirements For Proposals Submitted Via Research. gov: To prepare and submit a proposal via Research. gov, see detailed technical instructions available at: https://www.

research. gov/research-portal/appmanager/base/desktop? _nfpb=true&_pageLabel=research_node_display&_nodePath=/researchGov/Service/Desktop/ProposalPreparationandSubmission.

html . For Research. gov user support, call the Research.

gov Help Desk at 1-800-673-6188 or e-mail rgov@nsf. gov . The Research.

gov Help Desk answers general technical questions related to the use of the Research. gov system. Specific questions related to this program solicitation should be referred to the NSF program staff contact(s) listed in Section VIII of this funding opportunity.

For Proposals Submitted Via Grants. gov: Before using Grants. gov for the first time, each organization must register to create an institutional profile.

Once registered, the applicant's organization can then apply for any federal grant on the Grants. gov website. Comprehensive information about using Grants.

gov is available on the Grants. gov Applicant Resources webpage: https://www. grants.

gov/web/grants/applicants. html . In addition, the NSF Grants.

gov Application Guide (see link in Section V. A) provides instructions regarding the technical preparation of proposals via Grants. gov. For Grants.

gov user support, contact the Grants. gov Contact Center at 1-800-518-4726 or by email: support@grants. gov .

The Grants. gov Contact Center answers general technical questions related to the use of Grants. gov. Specific questions related to this program solicitation should be referred to the NSF program staff contact(s) listed in Section VIII of this solicitation.

Submitting the Proposal: Once all documents have been completed, the Authorized Organizational Representative (AOR) must submit the application to Grants. gov and verify the desired funding opportunity and agency to which the application is submitted. The AOR must then sign and submit the application to Grants.

gov. The completed application will be transferred to the NSF FastLane system for further processing. Proposers that submitted via Research. gov may use Research.

gov to verify the status of their submission to NSF. For proposers that submitted via Grants. gov, until an application has been received and validated by NSF, the Authorized Organizational Representative may check the status of an application on Grants.

gov. After proposers have received an e-mail notification from NSF, Research. gov should be used to check the status of an application. VI.

NSF Proposal Processing And Review Procedures Proposals received by NSF are assigned to the appropriate NSF program for acknowledgement and, if they meet NSF requirements, for review.

All proposals are carefully reviewed by a scientist, engineer, or educator serving as an NSF Program Officer, and usually by three to ten other persons outside NSF either as ad hoc reviewers, panelists, or both, who are experts in the particular fields represented by the proposal. These reviewers are selected by Program Officers charged with oversight of the review process.

Proposers are invited to suggest names of persons they believe are especially well qualified to review the proposal and/or persons they would prefer not review the proposal. These suggestions may serve as one source in the reviewer selection process at the Program Officer's discretion. Submission of such names, however, is optional.

Care is taken to ensure that reviewers have no conflicts of interest with the proposal. In addition, Program Officers may obtain comments from site visits before recommending final action on proposals. Senior NSF staff further review recommendations for awards.

A flowchart that depicts the entire NSF proposal and award process (and associated timeline) is included in PAPPG Exhibit III-1. A comprehensive description of the Foundation's merit review process is available on the NSF website at: https://www. nsf.

gov/bfa/dias/policy/merit_review/ . One of the strategic objectives in support of NSF's mission is to foster integration of research and education through the programs, projects, and activities it supports at academic and research institutions. These institutions must recruit, train, and prepare a diverse STEM workforce to advance the frontiers of science and participate in the U.S. technology-based economy.

NSF's contribution to the national innovation ecosystem is to provide cutting-edge research under the guidance of the Nation's most creative scientists and engineers. NSF also supports development of a strong science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce by investing in building the knowledge that informs improvements in STEM teaching and learning.

NSF's mission calls for the broadening of opportunities and expanding participation of groups, institutions, and geographic regions that are underrepresented in STEM disciplines, which is essential to the health and vitality of science and engineering. NSF is committed to this principle of diversity and deems it central to the programs, projects, and activities it considers and supports. A.

Merit Review Principles and Criteria The National Science Foundation strives to invest in a robust and diverse portfolio of projects that creates new knowledge and enables breakthroughs in understanding across all areas of science and engineering research and education.

To identify which projects to support, NSF relies on a merit review process that incorporates consideration of both the technical aspects of a proposed project and its potential to contribute more broadly to advancing NSF's mission "to promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense; and for other purposes."

NSF makes every effort to conduct a fair, competitive, transparent merit review process for the selection of projects. 1. Merit Review Principles These principles are to be given due diligence by PIs and organizations when preparing proposals and managing projects, by reviewers when reading and evaluating proposals, and by NSF program staff when determining whether or not to recommend proposals for funding and while overseeing awards.

Given that NSF is the primary federal agency charged with nurturing and supporting excellence in basic research and education, the following three principles apply: All NSF projects should be of the highest quality and have the potential to advance, if not transform, the frontiers of knowledge. NSF projects, in the aggregate, should contribute more broadly to achieving societal goals.

These "Broader Impacts" may be accomplished through the research itself, through activities that are directly related to specific research projects, or through activities that are supported by, but are complementary to, the project. The project activities may be based on previously established and/or innovative methods and approaches, but in either case must be well justified.

Meaningful assessment and evaluation of NSF funded projects should be based on appropriate metrics, keeping in mind the likely correlation between the effect of broader impacts and the resources provided to implement projects. If the size of the activity is limited, evaluation of that activity in isolation is not likely to be meaningful.

Thus, assessing the effectiveness of these activities may best be done at a higher, more aggregated, level than the individual project. With respect to the third principle, even if assessment of Broader Impacts outcomes for particular projects is done at an aggregated level, PIs are expected to be accountable for carrying out the activities described in the funded project.

Thus, individual projects should include clearly stated goals, specific descriptions of the activities that the PI intends to do, and a plan in place to document the outputs of those activities. These three merit review principles provide the basis for the merit review criteria, as well as a context within which the users of the criteria can better understand their intent.

All NSF proposals are evaluated through use of the two National Science Board approved merit review criteria. In some instances, however, NSF will employ additional criteria as required to highlight the specific objectives of certain programs and activities. The two merit review criteria are listed below.

Both criteria are to be given full consideration during the review and decision-making processes; each criterion is necessary but neither, by itself, is sufficient. Therefore, proposers must fully address both criteria. (PAPPG Chapter II.

C. 2. d(i).

contains additional information for use by proposers in development of the Project Description section of the proposal). Reviewers are strongly encouraged to review the criteria, including PAPPG Chapter II. C.

2. d(i), prior to the review of a proposal. When evaluating NSF proposals, reviewers will be asked to consider what the proposers want to do, why they want to do it, how they plan to do it, how they will know if they succeed, and what benefits could accrue if the project is successful.

These issues apply both to the technical aspects of the proposal and the way in which the project may make broader contributions.

To that end, reviewers will be asked to evaluate all proposals against two criteria: Intellectual Merit: The Intellectual Merit criterion encompasses the potential to advance knowledge; and Broader Impacts: The Broader Impacts criterion encompasses the potential to benefit society and contribute to the achievement of specific, desired societal outcomes.

The following elements should be considered in the review for both criteria: What is the potential