Impaired Driving Enforcement Program

Impaired Driving Enforcement Program is sponsored by Tennessee Highway Safety Office (THSO). This grant program provides funding to law enforcement agencies for highly visible and proactive traffic enforcement to remove impaired drivers from the road, with publicity and educational elements. Funds can be used for overtime enforcement, supplies, and equipment.

Grant Management Manual | Tennessee Traffic Safety Resource Service This manual establishes consistent program and project management procedures for the Tennessee Highway Safety Office (THSO) staff and grantees (agencies/organizations receiving grant funds) to guide the administration of the state’s highway safety program in compliance with National Highway Traffic Safety Administration guidelines.

Best practice requires the THSO to have a current manual that documents standard operating procedures and the management of the highway safety program. This manual contains a written record of current approved administrative and financial procedures; however, it does not specifically address all regulations.

Periodic changes and additions in the manual may be necessary to meet changing federal and state law and/or to improve program management and fiscal procedures. When an agency or organization accepts federal traffic safety funds, it also agrees to fully comply with all requirements in this manual and any periodic changes that may be made during the grant period. View a printer-friendly version of this document.

Tennessee Highway Safety Office Contact Information Commonly Used Terms & Acronyms Frequently Asked Questions Development of the State Highway Safety Plan Problem Identification & Program Areas Grant Contract & Orientation Grant Orientation Workshop Federal & State Regulations Governing THSO Grants Federal Funding Accountability & Transparency Act Grantee Responsibilities & Procedures Grant Modifications and Amendments Reporting (Monthly/Quarterly) On-Site & Desk Monitoring (Programmatic & Financial) Purchasing Requirements & Property Management Title VI (Non-Discrimination) Public Information & Education (PI&E) Advertising & Public Relations Non-Compliance/Termination Appendix A - Federal Certifications & Assurances Appendix B - Allowable Items (Supplies & Equipment) Appendix C - Standard Reimbursement Rates, Travel Regulations & Policy Commonly Used Terms & Acronyms The following commonly used terms and acronyms are provided to assist manual users.

Many appear in this manual, while others are used in documents associated with the grant management process. A formal change to a contract based on a modification request. Amendments are required money is either added or subtracted from the overall budget or if a specific term of the original contract changes.

Administrative Office of the Courts Alcohol Saturation Patrols Broad grouping of expenses such as personnel costs, commodities, supplies, equipment, etc. Prohibits states from using highway grant funds under 23 U.S.C. Chapter 4 to purchase steel, iron and all manufactured products unless they are produced in the U.S. or a waiver is granted by the Secretary of Transportation.

For compliance purposes, American-made covers any product that is manufactured or assembled in the U.S. Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance, provides a listing of all federal programs available to state and local governments; federally-recognized Indian tribal governments; U.S. territories and possessions; domestic public, quasi-public and private profit and non-profit organizations and institutions; specialized groups; and individuals Code of Federal Regulations, a listing of general and permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the Executive branch of the federal government and federal agencies Expenditures incurred in support of approved grant activities that a grantee may submit for reimbursement Tennessee Highway Safety (THS) forms, these are automatically generated in the TN Grants system Claim for Reimbursement Checklist Outlines the documentation a grantee must submit and the steps to follow to receive reimbursement for approved grant-related expenses.

A completed checklist must accompany all reimbursement requests. Binding document between THSO and a local or state agency or organization outlining the terms and conditions of receiving federal highway safety grant funds.

Child Passenger Safety, activities addressing the safety of children riding in motor vehicles Delegated Grant Authority, confers delegated authority to the THSO to make award grants as specified without additional, individual, independent approval Driving Under the Influence Data Universal Numbering System, a nine digit number offered by Dun & Bradstreet to identify different divisions of companies and provide easy reference for those seeking information The State of Tennessee’s Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System, used to perform administrative business functions (i.e., financial, procurement, payroll, benefits) and share common data decreasing the need to re-key information A unique number assigned to all entities, including grantees, seeking to do business with Tennessee state agencies.

It is an individual number that can either be the entity itself, the city, or the county. Registration is required via the Edison portal.

Emergency Medical Services Equipment/Capital Purchases Non-expendable, tangible property having a useful life of more than one year and an acquisition cost of $5,000 or more that is used only for traffic safety and/or law enforcement purposes Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act, requires grantees to annually report each action that obligates $25,000 or more in federal funds Federal Highway Administration Report submitted by grantee following completion of the grant period, details the effectiveness of the highway safety project based on the grantee’s goals and objectives Local or state agency or organization receiving a highway safety grant from THSO The state agency that awards federal highway safety grant funds Grant Orientation Workshop (GOW) Annual mandatory training for all new grantees (recommended for all grantees) Highway Safety Plan, annual highway safety plan submitted by the THSO to NHTSA to secure federal transportation grant funds High Visibility Enforcement, a grant awarded to a law enforcement agency to target a specific traffic safety issue such as speeding or impaired driving; highly visible enforcement is coupled with a publicity strategy designed to educate the public and promote voluntary compliance with the law Documentation of status, serial number, grant name, and location required for all equipment purchases made with grant funds Law Enforcement Liaison, provides law enforcement expertise to THSO and its grantees for enforcement grant site selection, appropriate grant strategies and countermeasures, and grant development as well as conducts networking activities for local, county, and state law enforcement officials, the THSO, and the Regional Office of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration A request to change (or modify) the goals, objectives, tasks, and /or an approved budgeted line item(s).

Budget changes of 20% or less require a grant modification. Any change of more than 20% requires an amendment. Law enforcement officials who assist the Law Enforcement Liaisons oversee the activities of Tennessee’s 18 Law Enforcement Networks Meetings convened monthly or quarterly by the Network Coordinators to educate law enforcement officials to implement safety programs in support of mobilizations and other safety activities.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the federal agency responsible for administering the national highway traffic safety grant program funded by federal legislation Public Information Officer Public Information and Education One year of federal fiscal funding awarded by THSO to a local or state agency or organization to address a specific behavioral highway safety issue THSO staff member responsible for the effective administration of grants and statewide highway safety programs Individual within a local or state agency or organization responsible for establishing and maintaining procedures to ensure effective administration of the THSO-approved grant Public Service Announcement, public interest messages disseminated by the media to raise awareness and change public attitudes and behavior towards a social issue Request for Proposal, outlines funding availability to address a priority highway safety program area outlined in the HSPP Monthly or quarterly report describing tasks or activities the grantee has undertaken to accomplish grant objectives and progress made in addressing the problem statement Sheriff’s Department/Sheriff’s Office Documentation that supports claims reimbursement such as reports, invoices, timesheets, copies of checks, etc. Standardized Field Sobriety Test, composed of three field sobriety tests law enforcement officials use to detect impaired drivers Any item costing less than $5,000 Tennessee Association of Chiefs of Police THSO’s online grant application and reporting system ( www.

THSOgrants. org ), which is referred to as the online grants management system throughout this manual Tennessee Department of Safety and Homeland Security Tennessee Department of Transportation The Tennessee Highway Safety Office (THSO) is a division of the Tennessee Department of Safety and Homeland Security advocating for traffic safety.

The THSO works in tandem with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to implement statewide programs addressing occupant protection, impaired driving, speed enforcement, pedestrian and bicycle safety, and crash data collection and analysis. Programs administered by the THSO are 100 percent federally funded. Tennessee Highway Safety office website, offers a comprehensive resource service located at www.

TNTrafficSafety. org . It serves as an information hub for all of THSO’s traffic safety initiatives including campaign reporting, training, and educational items.

Document detailing work hours performed by an employee on behalf of his/her employer during a set time period (i.e., weekly, bi-weekly, overtime) Tennessee Integrated Traffic Analysis Network, provided by the THP for the exclusive use of law enforcement (membership is required). The online system allows for the electronic submission of data and reports used by the state to make data-driven decisions about safety ( https://titan. safety.

tn. gov/Public/Home. aspx ) Form completed annually by the grantee to ensure compliance with federal statutes and regulations relating to non-discrimination Tennessee Sheriffs Association Frequently Asked Questions Can I apply for more than one grant and/or a grant that covers more than one program area?

Yes. The Tennessee Highway Safety Office (THSO) allows an agency to submit multiple grant applications as well as applications that address more than one program area via the online grants management system . To be considered for grant funding, your agency’s application must correspond to an approved program area .

For example, if your agency is seeking funds to combat drunk driving and strengthen seat belt use, you may submit applications for an Alcohol Countermeasures grant and an Occupant Protection grant. However, only one application per law enforcement agency will be considered and approved for an Alcohol Enforcement grant or a Police Traffic Services (multiple violations) grant.

If you are unsure which program area(s) to apply under, contact the THSO at (615) 741-2589. I’ve never applied for a grant before and don’t have local data or statistics. What should I do?

If you are applying for a grant to reduce motor vehicle crashes, your application should include three years of baseline data for your jurisdiction. If you work for a law enforcement agency, start your data search by consulting with your crash records coordinator or clerk.

If no data or limited data are available or your agency is non-law enforcement-related and doesn’t collect or have access to this type of information, Tennessee crash, injury, and fatality data segmented by county and program area are available on the THSO website. If you still need assistance obtaining and/or analyzing data after consulting these resources, email stats. safety@tn.

gov . Can the project director delegate his/her grant-related responsibilities to another agency employee? The project director is the individual within a local or state agency or organization who is responsible for establishing and maintaining procedures to ensure effective administration of the THSO-approved grant.

When applying for a grant via the THSO’s online grants management system , the grantee must designate at least one project director for that application. If your agency applies for additional grants, a different project director may be designated for each application. If the project director changes, the agency must notify its THSO program manager.

Why does the THSO conduct an on-site monitoring visit? Federal and state grant management rules require the THSO to monitor grantees to ensure compliance with applicable requirements and cost principles.

While the THSO staff maintain regular contact (i.e., phone calls, emails) with grantees throughout the course of the grant year, the THSO visits every grantee that receives a grant of $10,000 or more at least once during the grant year (typically between February and September) to conduct a systematic and comprehensive programmatic and financial assessment of their programs.

The on-site visit is designed to be instructive, not disruptive and to foster information exchange and partnership. The programmatic aspects, such as the goals, objectives, and performance indicators, are reviewed to determine if the project is having an impact and if the project is being implemented according to schedule as well as outlined in the approved grant.

The financial review includes an examination of agency and grant-specific financial documents and issues related to the implementation and performance of the project. What’s the advantage of submitting claims and status reports for my program grant on a monthly rather than quarterly basis, and once my agency submits a claim, how quickly will we receive payment?

The decision to submit claims and status reports on a monthly rather than quarterly basis; however, all law enforcement agencies must submit on a quarterly basis. The grantees who elect to submit on a monthly basis generally do so based upon manpower and cash-flow. Grantees that elect monthly reporting must submit all paperwork by the 1st of the next month that following the close of the grant month.

Quarterly reporting is due the 1st of the month following the close of the first three quarters (February 1, May 1, August 1, and November 1). A final status report for the entirety of the grant year is due on November 1st as well. Since the THSO is limited to one request per month for federal reimbursement, late claims can cause processing delays.

Submitting timely and complete claims and reports will ensure that your agency receives payment by the end of the month in which your documents are received and processed by the THSO staff. What should be included in my agency’s status report? Must my agency submit a claim to THSO every month or quarter even if we haven’t spent any grant funds?

Yes. Once the grant year begins, your agency is responsible for submitting claims for reimbursement on a monthly or quarterly basis even if no funds have been spent during that time period. The THSO staff is responsible for the ongoing monitoring of all grant-funded projects.

Consistent, on-time reporting reduces confusion and the potential for the THSO to question a grantee’s reporting and/or claim status. If my agency doesn’t spend all of its grant funds in the current year, what happens to the money?

Since grants are approved on an annual basis (October 1-September 30), funds not submitted for reimbursement at the end of the 12-month period may not be carried over to the next fiscal year or to a new grant. Grantees are encouraged to carefully monitor their expenditures throughout the grant period to ensure that no funds remain unspent.

All funds, even those remaining in the final month/quarter of the grant, may only be used to purchase items listed in the grant and approved through the grant/contract process. If you believe that your agency is unable to expend the funds as outlined in your approved grant, contact your THSO program manager for assistance as soon as possible. What documentation is needed for overtime reimbursement?

To receive reimbursement for overtime, your agency must complete the personnel section in the THSO online grants management system and attach, in the same sequential order as listed on the form, an approved employee time sheet along with a copy of each employee’s check (the rate of pay listed on both must match).

The time sheet must include the number of regular hours worked, the employee’s hourly base and overtime pay rates, and the number of overtime hours worked with a detailed explanation (i.e., 8 hours for THSO Alcohol Saturation Patrol, 3 hours for THSO sobriety checkpoint), and starting and ending times. The THSO has an approved activity sheet (THS-17) that may be used by your agency in lieu of a timesheet to document overtime activity.

Can my agency use Alcohol Enforcement/Impaired Driving (154 Alcohol/405d) funds for saturation patrols and checkpoints that occur outside the NHTSA-designated peak hours of 8 p. m. and 3 a.

m.? Yes, however, any THSO grant-funded enforcement conducted outside the hours of 2 p. m.

and 4 a. m. must be supported through data.

In this case, your agency must pull a year-to-year comparison of three years of local DUI crashes, arrests, and time of occurrence and submit it to your THSO program manager for review at least two weeks in advance of the enforcement, preferably at the beginning of the grant year. (This data may also be requested from the TDOSHS, TITAN.)

If your request to use funds outside of peak hours is approved, this approval will be good for the remainder of the current grant year. Refer to the alcohol enforcement memo issued by the THSO Director for more information. What is the difference between a budget modification and a budget amendment?

An agency may request a revision to the original budget outlined in their grant contract with the THSO once a grant is approved. If the revision calls money to change to a previously used budget line item, then it can be approved with just a “ modification . ” An “ amendment ” is a formal change to a contract based on a modification request.

Amendments are required when money is added or subtracted to the overall budget amount or if a specific term of the original contract changes. All amendments start with a modification request. If I need to make a modification to my agency’s grant, how long will the decision take, and if it’s approved, when can we start spending funds?

The length of time varies. The THSO program manager can email step-by-step directions to the project director to help with this. What equipment may be purchased with grant funds?

Grant funds may be used to purchase any equipment , non-expendable, tangible property having a useful life of more than one year and an acquisition cost of $5,000 or more, that is used only for traffic safety and/or law enforcement. Any item costing less than $5,000 is considered a supply and may be purchased using “non-personnel” grant funds. Written approval from NHTSA is required prior to any equipment purchase.

Once approved, claims for equipment purchases must be submitted using form THS-22 (Capital Purchase Report) and also reported on form THS-04 under “Capital Purchases. ” Both the forms and instructions for completing them can be found on the THSO’s online grants management system . How long must I maintain and track equipment purchased with grant funds, and if the equipment is destroyed, must I report it?

All equipment purchased with grant funds must be tracked for three years and inventoried at the end of the first and second year (this is done automatically by the THSO upon request for reimbursement). If, during that three-year period, the equipment is to be destroyed or is no longer deemed useful for its intended purpose, you must immediately notify the THSO program manager.

With THSO guidance, you’ll be required to determine the fair market value of the equipment and give credit to an active grant or to transfer or dispose of the equipment. After disposing of any grant-purchased equipment (whether destroyed or no longer having a useful life), your agency should maintain all records pertaining to this equipment for an additional three years.

The Tennessee Highway Safety Office (THSO) is Tennessee’s lead traffic safety organization. Located within the Tennessee Department of Safety and Homeland Security (TDOSHS) in Nashville, the THSO is tasked with developing and implementing a highway safety program that addresses the behavioral factors that impact safety on the road.

The goal of the program is to prevent death and serious injury resulting from motor vehicle crashes so that all roadway users arrive at their destination safely. The THSO partners with law enforcement, government agencies, and non-profits to address Tennessee’s highway safety needs at the state and community level through the use of Federal Highway Safety Grant Program funds.

Development of the State Highway Safety Plan Problem Identification & Program Areas Data analysis is essential to understanding who is crashing, where they are crashing, and why. The THSO reviews local, county, and state crash data to identify roadway users – motorists, pedestrians, bicyclists, teens, for example – with a statistically higher crash rate.

These data, combined with citation, licensing, vehicle miles traveled, and demographic information, are analyzed to help the THSO and its partners understand what is prompting crashes and the resulting injuries and fatalities on Tennessee roadways.

This information is used to develop the annual Highway Safety Plan (HSP), which details the extent of Tennessee’s crash problem and how federal highway safety dollars will be distributed into priority behavioral safety programs during the federal fiscal year (October 1 – September 30).

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has identified priority program areas , which the agency determines to be effective in reducing motor vehicle crashes, injuries, and fatalities. Tennessee’s HSP addresses NTHSA’s priority program areas and others including the following: Alcohol education programs include underage drinking prevention and diverse community outreach.

Underage drinking is America’s number one youth drug problem, killing more people under the age of 21 than all other illicit drugs combined. Also, underage drinkers are responsible for between 10 and 20 percent of all alcohol consumed in the United States. Alcohol causes serious consequences in young people, including death, injury, poor health, and weak academic performance.

Underage drinking prevention programs work to reduce the social and retail availability of alcohol to minors, increase education and enforcement of the Zero Tolerance Law, and to support local law enforcement with education and training. We also encourage the local adoption of Comprehensive Alcohol Risk reduction (CARD) enforcement projects.

These are a combination of the Cops in Shops and the Party Patrol programs that allows for a greater number of patrols in a community and will increase the perception of risk. Tennessee’s diverse communities and minority population have indicated a lack of knowledge of Tennessee laws related to drinking and driving, as highlighted by local surveys.

Strategies for communicating safety messages and motivating changes in behavior must be culturally sensitive and community-driven. Community leaders and opinion leaders must be involved in program development and implementation.

In some minority populations, the faith community is the most important social institution and can have a greater impact on the community than traditional safety advocates and media messages; in others, youth leadership is vital. Strategies may include safety fairs, other events associated with various institutions, and development of localized messages.

Alcohol Enforcement grants provide law enforcement agencies with funding for overtime and/or equipment for DUI enforcement. Officers involved in DUI enforcement should be SFST certified or attend SFST training within the first 3 months of the grant year.

Funding will be based on the following criteria: 1) The top two counties/cities by population will receive the highest awards 2) County ranking in alcohol crash rates provided by the TN Department of Safety 3) Population served by the agency & the agency size 4) Number of qualifying applicants for each level of funding 5) Awards will vary and may differ from those received in previous grant years 6) Funds will be awarded based on THSO funding availability.

Funding provides one DUI Prosecutor and one DUI Coordinator (additional positions must have justification shown through strong data and will only be taken into account based on the level of Federal funding provided to the Tennessee Highway Safety Office). This grant program helps reduce the time taken to dispose of DUI related cases and increase conviction rates with an emphasis on multiple offenders.

The dissemination and sharing of information is a formidable task, especially with statute changes, new case law and ever changing technology. Getting correct information to judges, prosecutors, law enforcement, defense attorneys, legislators and educators is an ongoing challenge as is changing behavior.

A Traffic Safety Resource Prosecutor (TSRP) program will be funded to keep prosecutors, judges, law enforcement agencies and legislators informed of new appellate decisions, defenses, trends and technological developments. TSRPs also increase advocacy skills of prosecutors through training, provides information to citizens, legislators and entities to permit them to be well informed when they propose new laws.

The primary responsibility of a driver is to operate a motor vehicle safely. The task of driving requires full attention and focus. Drivers should resist engaging in any activity that takes their eyes and attention off the road even for only a couple of seconds.

In some circumstances even a second or two can make all the difference in a driver being able to avoid a crash. Of special concern is the use of electronic entertainment and communication devices, especially cell phones.

Funding for distracted driving can be used to: 1) Educate the public through advertising containing information about the dangers of texting or using a cell phone while driving 2) For traffic signs that notify drivers about the distracted driving law of the State 3) For law enforcement costs related to the enforcement of the distracted driving law.

Funding includes court monitoring/partnerships and DUI / Drug court rehabilitation programs. Court partnerships will offer much-needed support to DUI prosecutors as well as encouraging judges and court systems to adjudicate DUI-related offenses consistently and resolutely. Court partnerships help victims find a more victim-sensitive court system, and ultimately, helps reduce the rate of repeat offenses and fatal crashes among offenders.

Drug courts are specialized court programs that engage in a team approach with court and community-based professionals. Built around theoretical concepts such as therapeutic justice and procedural justice, these specialized courts provide therapy and treatment for people in the criminal justice system typically with non-violent offenses that also have an addiction which exacerbates criminal behavior.

The goal is to provide rehabilitation as an alternative to incarceration thereby saving tax dollars, reducing recidivism, and improving the lives of the participants and their families. Emergency Medical Services/First Responder Training EMS response times for an ambulance in rural Tennessee can be anywhere from 10-30 minutes. Transport times to a hospital can even be longer, depending upon the location of the call for service.

The chances for survival diminish the longer a patient with a life threatening injury has to wait for medical personnel to arrive. This training is necessary to enhance survival rate and the ability to assess and provide emergency medical care within the "Golden Hour." Grants will be awarded for first responder training program.

The criteria for these awards will be based on a ranking of one of the top 65 counties in overall crashes. The agency must also be in a rural county in order to qualify for funding. High Visibility Enforcement (HVE) These program area grants are awarded to law enforcement agencies to conduct HVE on a quarterly basis in support of state and national traffic safety campaigns addressing impaired driving and occupant protection.

Grant funds must be used to provide active enforcement manpower (for saturation patrols, checkpoints, waves or multi-jurisdictional/network enforcement activities. A portion of the grant may also be used to purchase behavioral safety-related supplies (e.g., reflective vests, cones) and small equipment (e.g., computers, camera systems).

Equipment costing over $5,000 is considered a capital expense and must be approved by the THSO and NHTSA. Impaired Driving Education Few effective programs/activities exist at the post-secondary level aimed specifically at reducing impaired driving. A great deal of high-risk drinking and often drinking/driving behaviors occur on college campuses and campus organizations are seeking methods of reducing these risks.

University/college organizations can provide a network for distributing a toolbox of strategies, materials and program ideas for addressing high-risk youth behaviors. Funding for motorcycle safety may be used only for motorcyclist safety training and motorcyclist awareness programs.

These programs include improvement of training curricula, delivery of training, recruitment or retention of motorcyclist safety instructors, and public awareness and outreach programs. Funding for motorcycle enforcement must be requested under the Police Traffic Services category. Many adults and teens are unaware of the risks associated with unsecured occupants in moving vehicles.

Adults and teens need to be educated and informed of the importance of buckling-up by creating a social norm that makes such usage not only important but an acceptable behavior for safety. Programs administered through schools can educate students by introducing and reinforcing the habit of using a seat belt/child restraint device as an integrated portion of their school educational and social experience.

Proper child restraint and seat belt usage is crucial to minimizing injuries and reducing deaths in motor vehicle crashes. According to NHTSA, these crashes are the leading cause of pediatric mortality in the United States. Child safety seats reduce fatal injury in passenger cars by 71 percent for infants less than 1 year old and by 54 percent for toddlers 1 to 4 years of age.

For children 4 to 7 years of age, booster seats have been shown to reduce injury risk by 59 percent compared to safety belts alone. The Tennessee Child Passenger Safety (CPS) Center provides nationally recognized training to safety groups, churches, schools and law enforcement agencies to protect children in our communities.

Planning and Administration Behavioral highway safety programs require statewide coordination of many programs, employing funds from several sources, and with overlapping regulations, objectives and responsibilities. Program Management, the Law Enforcement Liaison (LEL) program, statewide seatbelt surveys, and media campaigns and evaluations are all funded under Planning and Administration.

Impaired driving, occupant protection, work zones, speed violations, distracted driving, and aggressive drivers require a high level of sustained enforcement as well as, participation in national mobilizations, network meetings and training. Funding can be used for overtime and/or equipment to help law enforcement sustain traffic enforcement efforts. Awards will vary and may differ from those received in previous grant years.

Funding will be based on the following criteria: 1) County ranking in overall crash rates provided by the TN Department of Safety 2) Population served by the agency and agency size 3) Number of qualifying applicants for each level of funding 4) Funds will be awarded based on THSO funding availability Funding provides a statewide service to Tennessee traffic safety educators, law enforcement, program providers, traffic safety professionals, advocates, and individuals.

The need for this service continues to exist since most educators, traffic safety professionals, and law enforcement agencies in the state are unable to purchase or print educational materials to assist them with their local traffic safety programs. Traffic safety professionals rely heavily on free, up-to-date educational materials for their local traffic safety programs, events, sobriety checkpoints and/or child car seat checks.

The materials help and encourage community residents to make travel safety behavioral changes, thus lowering fatalities, injuries, and economic costs associated with